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Zrównoważony rozwój rynków mieszkaniowych jako współczesne wyzwaniedla polityki mieszkaniowej państwa

100%
Lis P.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
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2017
|
issue 37(2)
53-71
PL
W artykule omówiono konsekwencje zmiany uwarunkowań demograficznych, społecznych, ekonomicznych, jak i pochodzących z systemu finansowego (dostępność i koszt finansowania) na wyznaczenie priorytetów w realizacji celów głównych polityki mieszkaniowej. Interwencja państwa jest uzasadniona w przypadkach, gdy ma ona skorygować pojawiające się nieefektywności i niesprawności rynków mieszkaniowych, zapewnić sprawiedliwość społeczną oraz stabilność społeczną i finansową. Zwrócono uwagę na stronę kosztową interwencji państwa. Biorąc pod uwagę korzyści i koszty interwencji państwa, uznano, że może ono stabilizować przebieg cykli mieszkaniowych przez prowadzenie aktywnej społecznej polityki mieszkaniowej
EN
This article presents and describes the consequences of changing demographic, social and economic conditions, as well as conditions stemming from the financial system (availability and finance cost), for defining the priorities in realising the main goals of the housing policy. State intervention is justified in cases when its aim is to correct the inefficiencies and failures which occur at housing markets, to ensure social justice as well as social and financial stability. The author has also highlighted the expenditure side of state intervention. Taking into consideration the benefits and drawbacks of state intervention, it has been concluded that the state may stabilise the course of housing cycles by conducting an active social housing policy.
2
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TEORETYCZNE PODSTAWY FUNKCJONOWANIA SYSTEMU MIESZKANIOWEGO - ZAGADNIENIA WYBRANE

75%
Lis P.
Space – Society – Economy
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2012
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vol. 11
3
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Cyberattacks on critical infrastructure: An economic perspective

63%
Lis P., Mendel J.
Economics and Business Review
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2019
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vol. 5 (19)
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issue 2
EN
The aim of this article is to analyze the economic aspects of cybersecurity of critical infrastructure defined as physical or virtual systems and assets that are vital to a country’s functioning and whose incapacitation or destruction would have a debilitating impact on national, economic, military and public security. The functioning of modern states, firms and individuals increasingly relies on digital or cyber technologies and this trend has also materialized in various facets of critical infrastructure. Critical infrastructure presents a new cybersecurity area of attacks and threats that requires the attention of regulators and service providers. Deploying critical infrastructure systems without suitable cybersecurity might make them vulnerable to intrinsic failures or malicious attacks and result in serious negative consequences. In this article a fuller view of costs and losses associated with cyberattacks that includes both private and external (social) costs is proposed. An application of the cost-benefit analysis or the Return on Security Investment (ROSI) indicator is presented to evaluate the worthiness of cybersecurity efforts and analyze the costs associated with some major cyberattacks in recent years. The “Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond and Recover” (IPDRR) framework of organizing cybersecurity efforts is also proposed as well as an illustration as to how the blockchain technology could be utilized to improve security and efficiency within a critical infrastructure.
4
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CELE I INSTRUMENTY SPOŁECZNEJ POLITYKI MIESZKANIOWEJ

63%
Lis P.
Space – Society – Economy
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2011
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vol. 10
5

AN ATTEMPT AT THE ASSESSMENT OF THE PROCESS OF PRIVATIZATION OF STATE ENTERPRISES IN POLAND BETWEEN 1990-2006

51%
Mazurkiewicz J., Lis P., Zwierzchlewski S.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
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2008
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issue 3(39)
79-106
EN
The transformation of the economic system in Poland has already lasted 18 years. One of the main pillars of this process, apart from the stabilization and liberalization of the economy, is the privatization of state-owned enterprises. The aim of this work is to answer the question of how the process of privatization proceeded in Poland between 1990 - 2006 and what its characteristic features were. There are five basic methods of ownership transformation of state-owned enterprises delineated in this work: capital procedure, liquidation in the legal sense procedure, liquidation in the economic sense procedure, contribution of shares to National Investment Funds (NFI), banking settlement procedure (BPU). Called the instruments of the privatization policy, these methods have greatly influenced the dynamics of the process of ownership transformation in the Polish economy. The assumed aims of privatization in Poland exerted a strong influence on the choice of the methods of the privatization of state-owned enterprises. The normative approach states that the primary aim of privatization should be the achievement of greater economy effectiveness at both microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. From the point of view of the State, privatization was supposed to be a significant source of income to the budget, obtained from the sale of entire enterprises or just their shares. One of the aims of privatization was also the broadening of the holder's group through giving people the possibility of preferential obtaining of ownership titles. The practice of privatization in Poland has shown that the aim concerning the participation of the society was realized mainly through giving privileges to the employees of the privatized enterprises. The model of privatization launched in Poland was primarily characterized by the allocation of the privatized capital through market mechanism and the participation of the society in the process of ownership transformation. The analysis presented in this work points out to a few reasons of the negative assessment of the privatization process by the society. In general, according to the society there has been a significant decline in the situation of the employees of the privatized enterprises, particularly in the field of employment security, welfare benefits, and wages.
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