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EN
In the last decades, various forms of parenthood (alternative, non-standard) have been discussed as an important topic. The attention of human sciences experts is particularly focused on the quality of life of a child growing up in such a family. It is evaluated whether there is a reason for not accepting such a family constellation. The ways of creating such a family formations are rarely discussed, although they play an important role in the quality of life of children, families and the whole society. Ways to create such families are patchwork families, adoption, foster care and 3rd party reproduction. Our text concentrates mainly on using reproductive technologies. Alternative family formations have always emerged and will emerge in the future. However, our analysis shows that the institutional support of their creation (creation, not their functioning) brings serious legal, ethical and psychosocial problems, for example, trafficking in body parts, women and children.
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Surrogacy with respect to criminal law

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EN
Surrogacy is one of the most complicated procedures of assisted reproduction. The complexity of the procedure brings many legal problems, the main ones are determination of legal parenthood, enforceability of agreements, registration of the newborn, acceptance of the ways of recruiting a surrogate mother, acceptance of compensation, conditions of approach to the procedure, and circumstances of its implementation. The purpose of this paper is to describe this procedure with respect to criminal law. Considering the cases connected with surrogacy we usually somehow “quench” the results – a child is already here, despite being received in problematic ways, then we shall solve his or her interest. However, this child did not occur by chance, through a - problematic – act of an individual. The child was born because of the possibility of technology, and the application of technology is supervised by an institution. Society has a liability that must clearly delimitate the boundaries and possibilities of the use of technology, and consistently prosecute their possible violation.
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EN
Interest in surrogacy in the world is growing, almost pushing out interest in adoptions. Due to the increasing interest in the procedure, the problems arising from non-regulation and the international dimension of the procedure – the Czech Republic is a very important destination for patients from all over the world for good access to assisted reproductive procedures – is necessary to legally anchor the surrogacy. This text is one of the key results of the three-year research project Surrogate motherhood in the Czech Republic: legal, psychosocial and ethical analysis, which aimed to identify and analyze problems related to surrogacy in Czech legislation.
CS
Zájem o náhradní mateřství ve světě roste geometrickou řadou, téměř vytlačuje zájem o adopce. Vzhledem ke zvyšujícímu se zájmu o proceduru, k problémům vyplývajícím z neregulace a vzhledem k mezinárodní dimenzi procedury – ČR je velmi významnou destinací pro pacienty z celého světa pro dobrý přístup k procedurám asistované reprodukce s dárcovskými gametami – je nutné náhradní mateřství legislativně ukotvit. Předložený text je jedním z klíčových výsledků tříletého výzkumného projektu Náhradní mateřství v ČR: právní, psychosociální a etická analýza, jehož cílem bylo identifikovat problémy související s procedurou, analyzovat je a na základě analýz poskytnout nejlepší možné odborné podklady pro ukotvení nebo zamítnutí institutu „náhradního mateřství“ v české legislativě.
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