There are two types of units constituting a vocabulary range of the speakers of a given language, i.e. words and idiomatic expressions, which are the components of statements and texts. The article presents the results of the conducted analysis of phraseological units, functioning in two Slavonic languages – Polish and Czech, with the hope component. The analysis has revealed that, in the collected material, there are idiomatic expressions with their equivalents which are consistent for- mally and semantically (e.g. tracić/stracić nadzieję – tratit/ztratit naději), expres- sions indicating formal differences but semantically corresponding (e.g. być przy nadziei – být v naději), idiomatic expressions with different imaging (karmić się nadzieją – kojit se nadějí) as well as idiomatic expressions without any equivalents (e.g. nadzieja kołacze (się) w sercu).
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