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EN
This paper examines the status of European English (EE) in current linguistictheory, in particular the hotly debated issue of whether or not it is possible to treat EE as an endonormative linguistic variety in its own right. Alternatively, EE may remain a form of English as a foreign language (EFL), and the decision has far-reaching socio-political consequences. Some relevant data from Polish English is discussed in this context. It is argued that there is no reason to reanalyse the observed deviations from English native standards as simplifications or innovations characteristic of a new language. The debate is shown to relate to the opposition between utilitarian and epistemic goals in foreign language teaching methodology, as exemplified by the dichotomy between competence and performance or between training for interaction and training of the faculties of the mind.
EN
Formulaic competence is a hotly debated issue in teaching circles, not only because of its role in L2 communication but also due to the inherent complexity of the identification criteria for formulaic strings. While the mixed approach, combining meaning-based and corpus- based identification measures, remains a natural solution, the subjective character of the criteria, together with the required involvement of native experts, diminishes its attractiveness for every-day pedagogical purposes. We would like to explore the potential of “corpus-only” identification tools. Specifically, our objective is to show that meaningless n-grams (of the, in a, etc.) generated by frequency searches contain useful pedagogical data, and that, coupled with MI scores frequency-based measures accurately characterize learners’ formulaic competence. Because of the relative simplicity of the identification procedure and free availability of corpus tools, frequency-based and distribution-based measures may become an important new pedagogical tool at the disposal of language teachers
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