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1

Analysis of the Effects of Replacing Current Property Tax with AD Valorem Property Tax in a Sample Municipality

100%
Gnat S.
Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia
|
2009
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vol. 8
|
issue 1
82-98
EN
Analysis of consequences of introducing land value taxation in one of the zachodniopomorskie voivodeship municipality was presented. There has been property evaluation conducted along with current land tax charges estimation. Effects of tax system reorganization were presented with emphasis on commune's budget income changes and single plots tax ballast changes.
2
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Spatial weight matrix impact on real estate hierarchical clustering in the process of mass valuation

100%
Gnat S.
Oeconomia Copernicana
|
2019
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
131-151
EN
Research background: The value of the property can be determined on an individual or mass basis. There are a number of situations in which uniform and relatively fast results obtained by means of mass valuation undoubtedly outweigh the advantages of the individual approach. In literature and practice there are a number of different types of models of mass valuation of real estate. For some of them it is postulated or required to group the valued properties into homogeneous subset due to various criteria. One such model is Szczecin Algorithm of Real Estate Mass Appraisal (SAREMA). When using this algorithm, the area to be valued should be divided into the so-called location attractiveness areas (LAZ). Such division can be made in many ways. Regardless of the method of clustering, its result should be assessed, depending on the degree of implementation of the adopted criterion of division quality. A better division of real estate will translate into more accurate valuation results. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to present an application of hierarchical clustering with a spatial constraints algorithm for the creation of LAZ. This method requires the specification of spatial weight matrix to carry out the clustering process. Due to the fact that such a matrix can be specified in a number of ways, the impact of the proposed types of matrices on the clustering process will be described. A modified measure of information entropy will be used to assess the clustering results. Methods: The article utilises the algorithm of agglomerative clustering, which takes into account spatial constraints, which is particularly important in the context of real estate valuation. Homogeneity of clusters will be determined with the means of information entropy. Findings & Value added: The main achievements of the study will be to assess whether the type of the distance matrix has a significant impact on the clustering of properties under valuation.
3
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Powierzchniowy a katastralny system opodatkowania nieruchomości – symulacja wybranych skutków fiskalnych

100%
Gnat S.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
|
2016
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1
EN
The article presents the results of a simulation of urban land tax reform. On the example of one municipality current tax burdens of individual plots of land have been determined. Moreover, the process of determining its cadastral value has been carried out and then the effects of replacing the property tax by the cadastral tax for an assumed rate of cadastral tax have been investigated.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań dotyczące symulacji reformy opodatkowania gruntów zurbanizowanych. Na przykładzie jednej gminy dokonano określenia wysokości podatków od nieruchomości poszczególnych działek gruntu, przeprowadzono proces ustalenia ich wartości katastralnej, a następnie dla założonej stawki procentowej podatku katastralnego zbadano wybrane skutki zastąpienia podatku od nieruchomości podatkiem katastralnym.
4
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Powierzchniowy a katastralny system opodatkowania nieruchomości w Polsce

100%
Gnat S.
Studia BAS
|
2021
|
issue 1(65)
127-146
EN
The article explores the economic aspects of area and value-based taxation of Polish real estate. It begins with the presentation of information on the conditions of property taxation in Poland. Next, a review of the research on the cadastral tax is provided, as well as the assumptions of the econometric model used for mass valuation of the analysed real estate. The main part of the article contains the results of the simulation of replacing the property tax with an ad valorem one. Particular attention is given to the impact of the cadastral tax rate on the revenues of municipalities and changes in the tax burden on individual properties. The main aim of this study was to show the importance of the proper setting of the ad valorem tax rate in the process of reforming the property taxation system.
5
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Prediction of changes in the tax burden of land plots with the use of multivariate statistical analysis methods

63%
Dmytrów K., Gnat S.
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
|
2019
|
issue vol. 23 no. 2
33-48
EN
It is believed that the ad valorem tax will increase fiscal burdens. In order to verify this statement, with the use of the Szczecin Algorithm of Real Estates Mass Appraisal, the land plots were appraised and the ad valorem tax was calculated. Next, a training set was sampled, for which the composite variable was calculated by means of three approaches: the TOPSIS method, the Generalised Distance Measure as the composite measure of development (GDM2), and the quasi-TOPSIS. They were the explanatory variables in the logistic regression model. Next, for the test set, changes of tax burden were forecasted. The aim of the research was to check the effectiveness of the presented approach for the estimation of the consequences of introducing the ad valorem tax. The results showed that all three approaches yielded similar results, but GDM2 was the best one. The main finding is that these approaches can be used in the prediction of changes in the tax burden of land plots.
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