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THE EFFECT OF DOCUMENT-WRITING TECHNIQUES ON THE EMERGENCE OF SURNAMES IN THE 14TH CENTURY

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Sliz M.

Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

2008

vol. 104

issue 2

186-197

The claim that document-writing techniques had a major influence on the emergence of family names is a commonplace in onomatology. But what exactly does this mean? What was the nature and extent of that influence? These questions make further research necessary; the aim of the present paper is merely to contribute a few observations. The data have been collected from documents written in the first one-third of the fourteenth century and have been restricted to noblemen's or noblewomen's names. In the period under study, the use of distinctive names can be said to have been general. However, the name of a particular person occurred in widely different versions. The reason may have been that the person had acquired a new property or been awarded a new position or dignity. Also, the 'explicitness' of the name may have depended on the person's social status, gender, and role in the affair recorded in the document, as well as what image he/she wanted to project of himself/herself. These facts allow us to conclude that, a few exceptions apart, we cannot speak of inherited surnames in this period, even with respect to the nobility. The intention to achieve precision and invariability of reference is more appropriate to consider as a factor facilitating the stabilization of two-element names with respect to commoners, especially servants and serfs. The detailing circumscriptions occurring in nobles' names were a retarding, rather than facilitating, factor in the stabilization of two-element personal names.

THE USE OF EVOCATIVES AS A POST-MODERN DEVICE

100%

Sliz M.

Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

2006

vol. 130

issue 3

290-301

In portraying their characters, writers often make use of the possibility offered by certain names having a recognizable meaning or a sound shape that evokes particular emotions or dispositions. Such names are generally called evocatives or, using Vilmos Tolnai's term, telling names. With respect to such names, Miklos Kovalovszky claims that they highlight a single main feature, but, due to their impoverished contents, they are incapable of providing a nuanced characterisation. They mostly have an ironical effect, therefore they occur primarily in comic genres; as a stylistic device, evocatives have exhausted their possibilities by now. - Telling names, indeed, have retreated into comic genres (today, they have a role primarily in parodies), the narrowing of their domain of use, however, resulted in a kind of functional renewal. Despite earlier views that play down their value, they have great hidden potentials. In the past decade, that recognition has been signalled by a tendency that pop groups, newspapers, and catering establishments have been given playful or pun-based names to an increasing extent, due to which circumstance telling names may reassume a more significant role in works of fiction in the near future.

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1 Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

1 Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

2 Sliz M.

1 2008

1 2006

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THE EFFECT OF DOCUMENT-WRITING TECHNIQUES ON THE EMERGENCE OF SURNAMES IN THE 14TH CENTURY

THE USE OF EVOCATIVES AS A POST-MODERN DEVICE