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PL
Artykuł jest próbą ujęcia zjawiska fanów fantastyki w ramy teorii socjologicznej. Autor wykorzystał perspektywę interakcjonistyczną, a zwłaszcza teorię światów społecznych Anselma Straussa. Społeczny świat fanów jest nazywany przez nich samych fandomem. Jego podstawowym działaniem jest zorganizowanie uczestników wokół przedmiotu fanostwa – szeroko pojętej fantastyki. Fandom dokonuje „identyfikacji” oraz „kategoryzacji” tego, co należy do przedmiotu fanostwa. Fan od zwyczajnego odbiorcy różni się tym, że poza incydentalnym doznaniem jakiegoś medium podejmuje wysiłek głębszego poznania, by odszukać interesujące go treści. W artykule dokonano analizy typologicznej fanów oraz poddano krótkiej analizie dwie ważne sfery ich działalności – konwenty oraz Internet.
EN
The article is an attempt to depict the phenomenon of speculative fiction fans within the sociological theory. The author uses the interactionist perspective, especially the theory of social worlds by Anselm Strauss. The social world of fans is called fandom by them. Its primary function is to organize the participants around the subject of fanship – the broadly understood speculative fiction. Fandom “identifies” and “categorizes” the subject of fanship. Fans differ from regular recipients in this that apart from an incidental experience of a medium, they make efforts of deeper understanding to look for the contents that are interesting to them. The article presents a typological analysis of fans, and a short analysis of two important spheres of fans’ activities – conventions and the Internet.
EN
The article is an analysis of the connections between capitalism and pop culture in the modern, still globalising world. The text consists of two sections: theoretical one and a discussion. In the first part, the author focuses on the concepts of imperialism, exploitation and capitalist rationality. As a “tool” he uses Immanuel Wallerstein’s world-systems theory, but without the marxist moral involvement. The author distinguishes popular culture and mass culture. The first one is a symbolic universe and a process for producing significance, the second is a way of producing culture in the capitalist system. Next, the author describes the core-peripheral-semiperipheral nations relations in the areas of mass and pop culture. According to the author, the USA is the only core nation in the area of cultural production. Other nations are peripheral or semiperipheral. The section ends with a short definition of localization. In the second part of the article the author analyzes “Latino” music as a specific case of localization and its role in global core-peripheral-semiperipheral relations. Latino music is performed by artists from Latin America, but it is produced in the United States. Songs are “tested” on the local market for Latino immigrants, and from there they are distributed to Central and South America and then to the whole world. The conclusion of the article is a statement that participation in the cultural market, which is hegemony of the USA, leads to Americanization. Not by means of the acquisition of specific American values, but by treating culture in the American capitalism’s way.
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