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EN
One of the key concepts for each tax is to de} ne the taxable person. This also applies to value added tax. To determine a taxable person of this tax seems to be of particular importance. It allows to delimitation the boundary between professional trade (subject to VAT) and non-professional trading. Analysis of the polish law on value added tax, however, indicates that the term „taxable person” is defined in several different ways. Taxable person – according to the basic definition – it is a person carrying economic activity. Is it a person liable for tax? Is the status of the taxable person tax liability burden is important? Or is this entity is called „taxable person” for entirely different purposes? The need to bring these questions and seek answers to them indicate the author of this article. He tries to systematize the concept of „VAT taxable person”, showing that the name of covered many different subjects, often for completely different purposes. Examines the meaning of „taxable person” in its most common and fundamental importance (as an person carrying economic activity) and indicate that this concept seems to have completely different content from widely (and vaguely) ingestion.
EN
As a rule, each transaction should be documented for VAT purposes – an invoice or a receipt. The type of document is determined by the status of the buyer. B2B transactions are generally documented with invoices, while with B2C – receipts. In this context, the method of documenting the transaction in which the buyer is a court bailiff raises doubts. This is due to the hybrid position of a court bailiff in the legal system. The author discusses the doubts related to this topic.
PL
Każda transakcja co do zasady powinna być udokumentowana na potrzeby VAT fakturą albo paragonem. O rodzaju dokumentu decyduje status nabywcy. Transakcje z przedsiębiorcami co do zasady są dokumentowane fakturami, a z konsumentami – paragonami. W tym kontekście wątpliwości budzi sposób udokumentowania transakcji, w której nabywcą jest komornik sądowy. Jest to związane z hybrydową pozycją komornika sądowego w systemie prawa. Autor omawia wątpliwości dotyczące tego tematu.
EN
The court bailiffs (as well as administrative enforcement authorities) are VAT remitters for the delivery of goods made within enforcement sales, where the goods are owned by the debtor or are in their possession in violation of applicable regulations. There are situations, within real estate enforcement, where the bailiff sells items that are not owned by the debtor. De lege lata, in such cases, the bailiff is not (should not be) a tax remitter. De lege ferenda, this is not a proper (intentional) situation. The article is dedicated to these specific issues.
PL
Komornicy sądowi (i organy egzekucji administracyjnej) są płatnikami VAT1 od dokonywanej w ramach sprzedaży egzekucyjnej dostawy towarów, które są własnością dłużnika lub są przez niego posiadane z naruszeniem obowiązujących przepisów. Zdarzają się sytuacje – w ramach egzekucji z nieruchomości – że komornik dokonuje sprzedaży rzeczy niebędących własnością dłużnika. De lege lata komornik nie jest wówczas (nie powinien być) płatnikiem. De lege ferenda nie jest to sytuacja właściwa (celowa). Artykuł poświęcony jest tym właśnie zagadnieniom.
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