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  1. 3 Prawo Morskie

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  1. 3 Lost-Sieminska D.

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1

Maritime safety and classification institution activities

100%
Lost-Sieminska D.
Prawo Morskie
|
2007
|
vol. 23
185-211
EN
Classification societies are part of the world's safety system on the seas, and currently there are in excess of fifty in operation. Ten of the largest organizations belong to the International Association of Classification Societies. They determine classes and conduct reviews of about 90% of global merchant tonnage engaged in commercial activities throughout the world. The primary aim of the classification system is to improve the safety of human life and goods at sea by ensuring that vessel technical state is adequate. Vessel classification is based on an agreement entered into between the classification institute and the vessel owner. This agreement defines the obligations of the parties and sets forth regulations regarding responsibility. The country of the ship's flag is foremost responsible for safety at sea. Unfortunately, some countries fail at meeting this obligation and do not want or are unable to guarantee that their vessels meet international standards. In order to close this loophole, port inspections were put into force. Countries conducting port inspections of vessels should cooperate with the country of the ship's flag and classification institutions
2

Maritime administrative tasks executed by classification institutions in the European Union

100%
Lost-Sieminska D.
Prawo Morskie
|
2004
|
vol. 20
31-40
EN
The article regards the long controversial issue of classification institutions undertaking maritime administrative tasks. This issue has recently been regulated by both international (IMO) and European law. The authoress analyzes to what extent these changes are being implemented into Polish law. The consequences of European Union accession can be lethal for the Polish Ship Register. A great number of executive acts concerning 'Polish classification institutions ' will have to be changed quickly. Although the Polish Ship Register is not recognized by the European Commission, Poland has already applied for such recognition. However, potential recognition of this body will be effective in Poland only.
3

The UNCITRAL Project of the Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods by Sea

100%
Lost-Sieminska D.
Prawo Morskie
|
2008
|
vol. 24
13-20
EN
The international community has conventions which regulate matters connected with the transport of cargoes by sea. In the second half of the twentieth century an attempt was made to regulate multimodal transport. In 1980, under the auspices of UNCTAD, a Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods was adopted. However, it has still not been implemented. It is a move in the direction of the complete regulation of the transport of goods by various means of transport. In 2001 the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) began work on a convention relating to international goods transport. The new convention is intended to replace the La Haye Regulations, the La Haye/Wisby regulations and the Hamburg regulations. The authoress of this paper considers that the application of unified principles to various means of transport might be unsuccessful. The project for the future convention applies to the transport of cargoes wholly or in part by sea. The authoress refers to maritime transport law and shows what changes the future convention is to introduce.
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