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Traktat w Utrechcie w ocenie wybranych prac XX-wiecznej historiografii brytyjskiej

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Lik K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2007
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vol. 81
EN
The Utrecht Treaty signed on 11 IV 1713, in fact ending the war of Spanish succesion, turned out to be one of those turning points which finally formed the XVIIl-century Europe and secured an exeptional place in political system of that century fot the British monarchy. No wonder that Utrecht Treaty, and events preceeding it, were the main object of interest in the British historiography for a long time. The period of Queen Anna’s reign, and distinguished people appearing at her court were described by many historians. Unfortunately, those works are not well-known among Polish publicity. The issues of the war of Spanish succesion and the Utrecht Treaty are not the most favourite topics among Polish historians either. For the above reasons Polish reader who want to get some knowledge on that subject may have problems as the only sources of information can be found in textbooks accesible in university libraries and institutes of history. However, it should be stressed that such textbooks are totally different from those we know in our Polish conditions. They are very detailed works presenting both historical knowledge and literary values. It is worth mentioning that among writers who created them were such suberb names as Clark or Trevelyan and they were edited by British best publishing companies like C.U.P., O.U.P. or Longman. In this article one could find live historical books which in my opinion are the most representative for the XXth century British historiography. These are: The Cambridge History o f the British Empire, vol. I, The Old Empire from the Beginings to 1783. G. M. Trevelyan, History of England. The New Cambridge Modern History, vol. VII, The Old Regime. Sir George Clark, The Later Stuarts and Frank O’Gorman, The Long Eighteenth Century.
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Postać Karola X Gustawa w świetle pamiętników Hugesa de Terlona, ambasadora Ludwika XIV przy królu Szwecji w latach 1656-1660

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Lik K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2008
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vol. 83
EN
Charles X Gustav is probably one of the most intriguing characters of the 17th century. Even his contemporaries could not establish any unambiguous opinions about him. The rumours about his achievements were often preceding the appearance of his person, not always arising favorable connotations. Apart from being considered an outstanding commander, tactician and politician, he quite fast obtained the reputation of „the brigand of Europe”, who was capable of beginning horrors of war in any part of the old continent. The limes of the Second North War and the person of Charles X Gustav have been always of great interest, even nowadays, in Scandinavian countries and became a constant element of their historical consciousness. This matter looks a little bit different on the other side of the Baltic Sea. Despite a huge interest in this period among Polish historians and numerous works written on this subject, our historiography did not devote much attention to the king of Sweden. What is more, he did not even have his own monograph, in the precise meaning of this word. One of the most valuable sources referring to Charles X Gustav are Memories of the ambassador of Louis XIV attached to the king of Sweden - Charles X Gustav in the years 1656-1660. Due to his position, the French diplomat - Huges dc Terlon, dedicated a lot of attention to the king of Sweden in his diaries. The image of the sovereign showed on the pages of his memories is undoubtedly very subjective, yet extremely valuable, taking into account the intimacy of the French ambassador with Charles X Gustav. What is more, this image is quite in - depth, as the memoirs’ author accompanied Charles X Gustav personally not only in Poland, but also in Denmark and Sweden, having a chance to observe the king in everyday situations, in different places as well as on different occasions. Charles X Gustav appears in the memoirs all the time. Even if there is no information referring to the king of Sweden directly, he turns up as spiritus movens of his diplomats, commanders or allies. As it is shown in the above reflections, Memories of the ambassador of Louis XIV by the king of Sweden - Charles X Gustav in years 1656-1660 seem to be a very interesting material. This preliminary research on the picture of the Swedish king may be an exciting contribution to a discussion about the image of Charles X Gustav in the Polish and European history.
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