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Znaczenie ról semiotycznych wypowiedzi, kontekstu i intencji w interpretacji norm prawa pozytywnego – Analiza fenomenologiczna

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Bekrycht T.
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
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2010
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vol. LXXXII (82)
11-32
EN
Antas J., O kłamstwie i kłamaniu, Kraków 2008. Austin J. L., Mówienie i poznawanie, tł. B. Chwedeńczuk, Warszawa, 1993. Bekrycht T., Aprioryczność prawa. Ontologia prawa w fenomenologii Adolfa Reinacha, Warszawa 2009. Burkhardt A., Soziale Akte, Sprechakte und Textillokutionen, Niemeyer Max Verlag 1986. Geier M., Gra językowa filozofów, tł. J. Sidorek, Warszawa 2000. Gizbert-Studnicki T., Stwierdzenie jako akt mowy, Studia Filozoficzne 1973. Ingarden R., Czego nie wiemy o wartościach [w:] R. Ingarden, Przeżycie, dzieło, wartość, Kraków 1966. Ingarden R., O dziele literackim, tł. M. Turowicz, Warszawa 1988. Jędrzejewska A., Koncepcja oświadczenia woli w prawie cywilnym, Warszawa 1992. Kulesza W., Zniesławienie i zniewaga, Warszawa 1984. Lang W., Wróblewski J., Zawadzki S., Teoria państwa i prawa, Warszawa 1980. Opałek K., Wróblewski J., Prawo – metodologia, filozofia, teoria prawa, Warszawa 1991. Radwański Z., Wykładnia oświadczeń woli składnych indywidualnym adresatom, Wrocław 1992. Reinach A., Aprioryczne podstawy prawa cywilnego, tł. T. Bekrycht, Kraków 2009. Searle J. R., Czynności mowy, tł. B. Chwedeńczuk, Warszawa 1987. Wittgenstein L., Dociekania filozoficzne, tł. B. Wolniewicz, Warszawa 2000. Woleński J., Z zagadnień analitycznej filozofii prawa, Warszawa-Kraków 1980. Ziembiński, Z. Logika praktyczna, Warszawa 1994. Zirk-Sadowski M., Rozumienie ocen w języku prawnym, Łódź 1984.
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O wartości logicznej normy prawnej

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Bekrycht T.
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
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2011
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vol. LXXXIV (84)
11-38
EN
The article discusses metalogical issues taking up in jurisprudence and putting a question connected to logical value of legal norms and logical value of the other statements in normative discourse. Its content is an attempt to make these issues from ontological analysis point of view, deals with the legal norm and from speech act theory point of view, showing the necessity of modification existing in literature of the subject linguistic and non-linguistic conceptions of legal norm. The content of the article focuses on analysis truth carries and ontological status of legal norm, simultaneously emphasizing the necessity of distinction between predicative and attributive notion of truth.
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Analiza terminów „stosunek społeczny” a „stosunek prawny”

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2015
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vol. 4
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issue 1
146-158
EN
Analysis of terms ‘social relationship’ and ‘legal relationship’ in the literature of legal theory and legal philosophy encounters many difficulties especially because of the ambiguity of such terms as ‘law’, ‘positive (statutory) law’, ‘rule’, ‘legal rule’, ‘norm’ and ‘legal norm’. Insight into the mentioned above literature points out that particularly the former pair of these notions have been so far wrongly considered as equivalent. It does not result a correct description of the relationship between different normative social systems such as statutory (positive) law, morality, religion and customs. Next it translates into a numbers of disputes about the content of positive law both in law-making’ and law-applying’s decisions.
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Republikanizm i liberalizm w świetle idei konstytucjonalizmu. Uwagi o legitymizacji prawa

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2018
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vol. 7
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issue 1
26-39
PL
This paper addresses two key issues. The first involves an analysis of the connections between the ideas of republicanism, liberalism and constitutionalism. The second concerns the republican idea of self-determination and, consequently, the issue of the legitimation of law. The first section of the paper puts forward the thesis that constitutionalism can nowadays be understood as the idea of the legitimization of positive law, involving the synthesis of the two key values proclaimed by republicanism and liberalism, namely self-determination and negative freedom. The issue here is that the ideas of self-determination and negative freedom are both counterfactual, and the only area in which they can be synthesized is within the conceptual framework of positive law. The second section of the paper constitutes the justification of this thesis.
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Demokratyczna legitymizacja prawa – tworzenie i stosowanie prawa (zarys problemu)

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2016
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vol. 5
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issue 1
5-10
EN
The aim of the article by the way of introduction is a sketching out some remarks from a perspective of philosophy of law concerning the contemporary crisis, which currently take place in many countries in Europe and in the EU. The author claims that the discussions and disputes over the nowadays European crisis is based on out-of-date paradigm presumptions such as legal positivism and post-totalitarian models of law. To solve the disputes the author proposes reflection based on conception of a communication model of law and community citizens’ idea.
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Prawo. O wieloznaczności pojęcia

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 1
48-62
EN
The subject of this article is the analysis of law’s and norm’s term ambiguity. The content of the article focuses on presentation of interrelationship between normative systems as positive law, nature law, ethic and customs. The author shows a difference between two fundamental law’s origins which shape individual normative orders. He also presents in details their mutual influence and discusses the place of positive law against a background of other normative orders.
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Tożsamość kultury prawnej a legitymizacja prawa

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2013
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vol. 2
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issue 2
76-92
EN
The paper analyses some elements which create the identity of legal culture. These elements are determined by Greek philosophy, Roman law (the Mediterranean culture) and Christian solidarity. These included positive law (legem ponere), jurisprudence, academic teaching, legal text, axiological autonomy of law, Roman law as origin of civil law and its reception, legitimization of law. The paper focuses particularly on problematic aspects of legitimization of law. In the literature of jurisprudence the problem of the legitimacy (justifying) of law is presented as the justification for the external validity of law or as a justification for the absolute validity. The history of philosophy of law demonstrates that we can talk about same arguments, which may be referred to as transcendental. Those are ultimate conditions of justifying any kind of being – here this particular being is the law. Firstly, this paper presents two trends (traditions) in the literature of philosophy that have developed the concept of transcendental method, and thus the content of the concept of transcendentalism. Secondly, it presents four arguments which justify the existence of law and which can be called the transcendental arguments.
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Fenomenologia – wprowadzenie w lekturę tekstu Edmunda Husserla „Phänomenologie (Der Encyclopaedia Britannica Artikel)”

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Bekrycht T.
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
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2015
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vol. 4
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issue 2
92-101
EN
The article presents in the synthetic way the major assumptions of phenomenology as the philosophical movement. The author has delineated two tasks. Firstly, introduction to the major issues of phenomenology and underlining important origins of phenomenology, i.e. Edmund Husserl’s work – Logical Investigations. Secondly, introduction to the reading of an important text (unpublished in Polish by now) that describes the basic foundations of this phenomenological movement, which have been developed by its creator.
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Metafizyka pozytywizmu prawniczego w świetle fenomenologii prawa

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Bekrycht T.
Avant
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 1
PL
The metaphysics of legal positivism in the light of phenomenology of lawThe article describes one of the assignments of legal theory that is designated by an idea of legal positivism. It is about the question concerning the cognition of essence or nature of law in the context of two positivistic theses: the thesis on separation of law and morality and the thesis on social sources of law. The author analyzes this issue using methods that are developed in phenomenology of law treating this conceptualization as complementary to methods of analytical jurisprudence.
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Metafizyka pozytywizmu prawniczego w świetle fenomenologii prawa

100%
Bekrycht T.
Avant
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 1
PL
The metaphysics of legal positivism in the light of phenomenology of lawThe article describes one of the assignments of legal theory that is designated by an idea of legal positivism. It is about the question concerning the cognition of essence or nature of law in the context of two positivistic theses: the thesis on separation of law and morality and the thesis on social sources of law. The author analyzes this issue using methods that are developed in phenomenology of law treating this conceptualization as complementary to methods of analytical jurisprudence.
11
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The Idea of Positive Law: Immanuel Kant’s Transcendental Argument

100%
Bekrycht T.
Avant
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2019
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vol. 10
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issue 1
147-157
EN
In their philosophical projects that address the concept of law, Immanuel Kant, Johann G. Fichte, and Georg W. F. Hegel all employ transcendental argumentation to demonstrate the sovereignty of community and the existence of power. They do this in the attempt to conceptually ground the idea of freedom and reconcile it with the notion of coercion within the framework of the idea of positive law. This article focuses solely on the Kantian project, since the approaches of Fichte and Hegel take on a more speculative turn in addition to their transcendental form.
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The Question of Legitimizing Law in Adolf Reinach’s Phenomenology

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Bekrycht T.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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2020
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vol. 90
63-73
EN
When speaking about legitimizing law we can mainly mean analysis which concerns metaphysical justification for what is called the phenomenon of law. From the metaphysical point of view, the justification of law means indicating the foundation of its existence. It is about seeking (indicating) an esse (essence) basis of law, in line with the task set by the metaphysical analysis, namely seeking an answer to the question: Why does object X exist? And in the answer, there will appear a formula indicating the final reasons for its existence (ratio essendi). The same ideas that we can find in Adolf Reinach’s principal work, The Apriori Foundations of the Civil Law, provide a possibility of better understanding this important issue of legal philosophy, namely the question of legitimizing law (justifying law). The aim of this article is to present that argument.
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Instytucja interpretacji prawa podatkowego w ujęciu art. 14a i 14b Ordynacji podatkowej – aspekt teoretycznoprawny (artykuł dyskusyjny)

63%
Bekrycht T., Brolik J.
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
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2012
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vol. LXXXV (85)
11-33
EN
The article contains a detailed analysis of general and individual interpretations of tax law both in terms of particular articles` content and in a philosophical and sociological perspective. It`s a new, critical look at legal norms of interpretation applied by Minister of Finance and contained in Art. 14a and 14b Polish tax law. The authors believe that the present discussion is novel due to its non-positive perspective. The authors explicitly claim that only a close cooperation between legislative, executive and judiciary can secure democratic standards in the law for i.e. both reliability and predictability of law application.
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Wewnętrzny punkt widzenia i znaczenie pojęcia wspólnoty komunikacyjnej w metodologii prawoznawstwa (wprowadzenie do problematyki)

63%
Zirk-Sadowski M., Bekrycht T.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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2017
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vol. 79
5-7
EN
The text contains some remarks on the methodological issues of jurisprudence. It points to important role of the so-called internal point of view in epistemology of law and it stresses an important role of the analysis of legislative language (language of the law) and legal language in an attitude of the participant of the communicational community.
PL
Tekst zawiera kilka spostrzeżeń dotyczących metodologicznej problematyki prawoznawstwa. Autorzy wskazują w nim na istotną rolę tzw. wewnętrznego punktu widzenia w epistemologii prawa oraz analiz języka prawnego i prawniczego w postawie uczestnika wspólnoty komunikacyjnej.
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Filozofia prawa a teorie wykładni prawa (wybrane zagadnienia)

63%
Zirk-Sadowski M., Bekrycht T.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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2017
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vol. 78
5-10
EN
The content of the article briefly presents the issues connected with theories of legal interpretation. The authors point to two methodological attitudes towards cognizing legal interpretation. They result in descriptive and prescriptive theories of legal interpretation and indicate creating a notion of ‘theory-concept’ in legal interpretation. The authors mark three groups of such theory-concepts in Polish legal theory.
PL
Treść artykułu w sposób szkicowy przedstawia problematykę związaną z teoriami wykładni prawa. Autorzy wskazują na dwie postawy metodologiczne względem poznawania interpretacji prawa, które skutkują opisowymi i normatywnymi teoriami wykładni prawa, a także na wykształcenie się pojęcia „teorii-koncepcji” w wykładni prawa. Autorzy wyróżniają trzy grupy takich teorii-koncepcji w polskiej teorii prawa.
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