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Implementation of CAP programs aimed at increasing the consumption of fruit, vegetable and milk products in Polish schools

100%
Halicka E.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2011
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vol. 11(26)
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issue 3
EN
The Common Agriculture Policy’s Fruit Scheme and School Milk Program are EU-wide institutional attempts to encourage consumption of selected food products among children by increasing their availability in schools. The number of pupils participating in both schemes in Poland has reached more than 67% and 38% of the appropriate target groups. Pilot studies, carried out in 2010 and 2011, indicate what products are most preferred by Polish schoolchildren from among those made available to them through the schemes. Circa 86% of the surveyed children living in cities would like to obtain more milk products in schools, especially yogurts. In order to make both CAP schemes more nutrition-oriented the education component should be strengthened since the availability and the price are important, but not exclusive determinants of food choice.
2
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Konsumpcja żywności w Polsce i uczestnictwo w unijnych mechanizmach pomocowych

63%
Rejman K., Halicka E.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2005
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vol. 13
3
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Human and social capital in agricultural and rural development (Polish experiences)

63%
Gorecki J., Halicka E.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2009
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vol. 06(21)
EN
Authors define and explain the meaning of two concepts, namely human and social capital and their influence on the socio-economic progress in agriculture and rural areas. The presented studies and analyses point to the link between the growing role of these two factors and the general socio-economic progress. A major part of the paper is devoted to analysing the past and current state of human and social capital in Poland, focusing on their deficiencies and the need to improve their quality. In conclusion the authors note that the significant inflow of financial means after the the Polish accession to the EU as well as structural and administrative changes will not bring in full the possible benefits in the future unless there is an improvement in quality and an increase of creative participation of the human and social capital. The health aspect is also explored in the paper as a crucial element influencing human capital in the Polish rural areas.
4

CHANGES IN THE USE OF POTATOES IN POLAND AND SITUATION ON THE MARKET OF STARCH

63%
Rejman K., Halicka E.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
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2005
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issue 4(129)
199-211
EN
Poland is the largest producer of potatoes in the European Union and the sixth largest producers of potatoes in the world. About 60% of potatoes gathered in Poland are used by farms. Production of potatoes destined for the market accounts for approximately 27% of the total domestic production of that vegetable and it is used in equal parts for the purposes of consumption and the needs of the potato processing industry. Consumption has been recently showing a downward trend, which is attributable to the diminishing consumption of non-processed potatoes since the consumption of processed potato products is on the rise. The changing needs of consumers create opportunities for a wider application of starch and its derivatives. The demand for products supplied by the potato sector is stimulated by a wide of range of possible applications in more than 50 branches of the processing industry and mainly in the food and confectionery industries, in the industry producing food concentrates, in the meat industry as well as in the industries producing fodders and pharmaceuticals, in the paper, chemical and textile industries. The mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy, which regulate the market of potato starch, have intensified competition in the sector. It should be also noted that in global terms that rivalry has a geographical dimension - the US market and the Asian markets, and that potato starch is losing competition to grain starch.
5

HORIZONTAL TIES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF CONSOLIDATION OF THE MARKET POSITION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS

63%
Halicka E., Rejman K.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
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2006
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issue 3(132)
132-145
EN
The development of horizontal ties among agricultural producers is the indispensable condition for the efficient functioning of the food chain because of the need to strengthen the bargaining power of the highly fragmented sphere of production. The small scale of production diminishes the chances for effective co-operation between the suppliers of raw materials and the processing entities, increases the costs of distribution and leads to considerable differences in the prices and quality of products. Judging by the experience of many EU-15 countries the co-operation of farms within the framework of formal groups of producers engaging in cultivation, storage, packaging, marketing and sale is an effective method of strengthening the bargaining position of producers having small batches of commodities at their disposal. The development of horizontal ties in Polish agriculture is progressing at a very slow rate. At present the largest number of producer groups is registered on the market of fruit and vegetables and the market of pigs. This is the reason why an analysis has been conducted to assess the process of horizontal integration of farmers in these two sectors.
6
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Fruit and vegetable promotion programs in the European Union

63%
Halicka E., Rejman K.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2007
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vol. 01(16)
EN
Promoting fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the main objectives of food and nutrition policy interventions worldwide. Public institutions, non-governmental organizations, research and health agencies together with market stakeholders undertake integrated initiatives to inform consumers about the health benefits of everyday fruit and vegetable intake. In the European Union several campaigns aimed at increasing produce demand have been launched in the nineties to improve the dietary patterns of the general population or specific consumer groups, such as children. However statistics show that fruit and vegetable intake in most EU states including new members is much below the recommended level. School-aged children, women and employees are currently the main target groups of “5 a day’ information and promotion activities aimed at increasing f&v consumption. In order to secure long-term effectiveness of such programs the main determinants of consumer choice in the food market should be monitored. Broad public-private partnerships, including producers and distributors seem to be the key to strengthening the efforts at “pushing’ market demand. Some of the campaigns developed and implemented in the European Union countries can be described as “5 a day’ best practices. The involvement of fruit and vegetable chain participants, cooperation and evaluation of undertaken interventions are further needed in order for the programs to become more efficient and widespread.
7
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Sustainable diet and changes in food consumption in chosen European Union countries

51%
Rejman K., Halicka E., Kowrygo B.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2014
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vol. 14[29]
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issue 4
EN
The most important challenges of food policy and public health in the 21st Century include fighting high levels of obesity and food waste. Both issues are linked to the necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and inhibiting climate change. Diet modification towards a more sustainable and healthy model, based in greater extent on plant-derived (vegetal) food and not animal products is seen as a chance to improve this situation. Taking these aspects into consideration, an analysis of consumption trends (1991-2011) of 6 food groups, known as markers of sustainable diet, was carried out in 7 EU countries. The study was based on FAO Food Balance Sheet statistical data. The current consumption structures in the selected countries was compared to recommended, sustainable and healthy diets. It was shown that in general homogenization of food consumption, a decrease of pulses and increase of fruit consumption had taken place. In each country the share of cereals & potatoes, fruit & vegetables, milk & dairy products, and meat did not meet the recommendations. The consumption of the first two groups was too low, the remaining two – too high.
8
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Application of nutritional marketing tools in press advertisements

51%
Rejman K., Walkowska S., Halicka E.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
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2013
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vol. 13[28]
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issue 4
EN
In chosen periodicals of the food industry and so-called “women’s press,” food advertisements containing nutritional marketing messages were analysed. The frequency and type of these tools was observed and scientific value and correctness was evaluated. The study results show that most of the advertisements do not comply with current legal regulations. Producers often emphasize the presence of ingredients which are recommended from the nutritional point of view although the product’s overall nutritional value is low or controversial.
9

SOURCES OF FOOD PROVISION IN RURAL HOUSEHOLDS AT THE TURN OF THE XXI CENTURY

51%
Rejman K., Halicka E., Januszewska R.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
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2004
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issue 4(125)
145-159
EN
The changes of food provision sources of households are closely linked to the fluctuations of price and supply levels on the food market and to the income of consumers. During the first stage of system transition the phenomenon of renaturalisation took place in all types of households, especially in those connected to agriculture. Collected unpublished GUS data (1995-2002) were used to carry out an in-depth analysis of the provision of food-stuffs in different population groups at the turn of the century. In these years the share of unearned (non-monetary) sources of food provision showed an overall decrease. In rural households the level of self-supply in 2002 was still high – 39% of total food consumption in households of farmers and 26% in households of employees-farmers. In comparison self-supply in the households of employees was marginal and reached 1,5% of total food consumption in terms of value. Key words: food consumption, households, sources of food provision, self-supply, market purchases.
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