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EN
The aim of the paper is to present the beginnings of the Polish interest in the early-mediaeval past of Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) mainly on the basis of archival sources. For 200 years the town was an important German location, and since 1945 it has been a significant Polish place of memory. However, so far there are no studies dealing with the history of research on the town of Kołobrzeg, although such enquiry subsequently became a canvas of political narratives about the past. The limit of the time-scope covered in the paper is the end of the 1950s, when the first stage of archaeological works on the Kołobrzeg settlement in Budzistowo (Altstadt) were completed. In 1960 a number of enterprises were undertaken in connection with the celebration of the Millennium of the Polish State. The article attempts to answer the question why studies on Kołobrzeg were launched so late, whether it was a top-down or bottom-up initiative and what was the meaning of the research. The source base of the paper consists mainly of archival materials collected in state archives and scientific and cultural institutions.
EN
The article shows the development of the ethnogenetic legend of the Pomeranian Duchy starting from the reign of Bolesław (Bogislaw) X the Great to the mid-17th century. The basis of that legend was the 14th-century oral tradition created by Augustyn/Augustine, a Stargard monk, according to which (the tradition) the original Pomeranian people had been Slavs. When Pomerania was being united under the reign of Bogusław X that oral tradition was extended and adjusted to meet the current political needs. But in the 16th century Thomas Kantzow analysing some ancient sources came to the conclusion that the area in question had been inhabited by Germanic tribes, and the subsequent Slavic period was short and insignificant. That picture was later extended by historiographers. The author of the article also seeks the answers to the questions concerning the sources of the Pomeranian legend, the main topics and motives that were supposed to authenticate the legend, who the texts were created by and addressed to, and what political meaning those myths had.
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