At present, a satisfying, secure job which corresponds to our education is for some of us a normal, logical consequence of our choices made at school, while for others it is an unattainable luxury. What inspired me to explore this topic was my observation of various professional circles and different levels of satisfaction with everyday professional duties, noticeable to a casual observer. I assumed that people working in their field will achieve a high level of the sense of the meaning of life and experience lower depression levels than people performing random jobs, including casual ones. The issue examined was whether, and to what extent, the choice of work influences one's sense of the meaning of life and depression level. It turned out that people working in their field feel greater job satisfaction than those working in other fields or performing casual work. Their job, which meets their interests, is connected with important elements of their life and with their interests in a given field, sometimes having developed from their childhood. The practical conclusions arising from my research may be particularly significant for psychological prevention, upbringing, and education, fields seemingly distant from problems of the adult professional life.
The origins of the term ‘empathy’ go back to the beginning of the 20th century, when the foundation of analyses of the phenomenon were philosophical (phenomenological) deliberations on the issue of getting to know mental states of other people. The first psychologist to draw on achievements of phenomenologists and to use the term Die Einfühlung was Theodor Lipps (Lipps 1897). In the Anglo-Saxon literature the term was translated as ‘empathy’, sharing another person’s emotions. In our times, in pedagogy and psychotherapy, significant findings on empathy were made by Carl Rogers (1975), a personality psychologist. The article presents fragments of selected Edith Stein’s letters and statements that prove her interest in the issue of empathy both in her academic as well as personal life.
Intensifying phenomenon mass of illegal migration from the countries of North Africa and the Middle East to the countries of Central Europe represent a serious challenge for the European Union countries including Poland. Migrants uncontrollably enter the Schengen area, without internal borders, after which they can move freely. This problem is one of the major threats to the stability and security of the European area. The article presents a theoretical picture of the phenomenon of migration and shows the most important definitions related to migration. Much of the article deals with identifying and analyzing the dangers of illegal migration. In addition, the activities of institutions involved in the prevention of migration threats in Poland are presented.
PL
i Bliskiego Wschodu do krajów Europy Środkowej i jego konsekwencje stanowią poważne wyzwanie dla państw Unii Europejskiej, w tym dla Polski. Migranci, któ- rzy w sposób niekontrolowany dostają się do strefy Schengen, obszaru bez granic wewnętrznych, po którym można swobodnie się przemieszczać – stanowią jedno z poważniejszych zagrożeń dla stabilności i bezpieczeństwa obszaru europejskiego. W artykule zostało przedstawione ujęcie teoretyczne zjawiska migracji, co wiąże się z ukazaniem najważniejszych definicji powiązanych z migracją. Kluczowa część artykułu dotyczy identyfikacji i analizy zagrożeń wynikających z nielegalnej migracji. Ponadto zostały przedstawione działania podmiotów i instytucji zaangażowanych w zapobieganie zagrożeniom migracyjnym w Polsce.
Bezpieczeństwo narodowe jest ściśle związane z niezakłóconym funkcjonowaniem i rozwojem państwa oraz zamieszkującego je społeczeństwa. Podejmowanie wyzwań i przeciwdziałanie zagrożeniom w obszarze bezpieczeństwa jest zadaniem systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Zapobieganie i przeciwdziałanie zagroże-niom odbywa się między innymi poprzez działania realizowane w ramach systemu ochrony granicy państwowej, którego zadaniem jest zapewnienie nienaruszalności i bezpieczeństwa granic. Realizacja zadań w tym zakresie została powierzona organom i instytucjom mającym charakter wyspecjalizowanych jednostek, takich jak: Straż Graniczna oraz Siły Zbrojne RP, a także Służba Celna oraz Urząd do spraw Cudzoziemców. Kompleksowa ochrona granicy państwowej ma charakter wieloaspektowy i wymaga współdziałania zarówno z instytucjami współodpowiedzialnymi za ochronę granicy państwowej, jak i z innymi podmiotami systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego.
EN
National security is closely related to the proper functioning and development of the state and the society in which they reside. National security is closely related to the proper functioning and development of the state and society which resides there. The task of the national security system is taking the challenges and risks prevention in the area of security. Prevention and countering of threats is carried out inter alia through activities that are implemented within the system of state border protection. The task of the state border protection system is to ensure the inviolability and borders security. Implementation of tasks in this area was entrusted to bodies and institutions which are specialized units. These include: The Border Guard and the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland, as well as the Customs Service and the Bureau for the Foreigners. Comprehensive protection of the state border is a multi-faceted and requires cooperation both with institutions which are jointly responsible for the protection of the state border, as well as with other entities of the national security system.
Theater education is based on the rules developed through years of experience by prominent Polish actors and educators. Today’s theater school, by recruiting outstanding actors, influences the development of the personality of students. Teachers show formal changes that have occurred in practicing the profession of an actor, and are an inspiration to young people. The authors of the interview point to the role of knowledge and attitudes of teachers in the transfer of values to the students. This stable foundation can bring support to the young generation of arts school graduates both on stage and in life.
W artykule zaprezentowano istotne dla psychologii zarządzania i osobowości kwestie odnoszące się do praktyki funkcjonowania pracowników wyższego szczebla. Testowane w badaniu hipotezy zostały sformułowane na podstawie modelu osobowościowo-aksjologicznego MOA, będącego rozwinięciem koncepcji potrzeb Ryana i Deciego, koncepcji przystosowania Rottera oraz wartości Rokeacha. Badano związek poczucia jakości życia u pracowników wyższego szczebla z uwarunkowaniami osobowościowymi i aksjologicznymi. Za pomocą analizy regresji oraz równań strukturalnych oceniono wpływ badanych zmiennych. Okazało się, że model MOA różnicuje pracowników wyższego szczebla. Współczynnik determinacji uzyskał 49% wariancji wyjaśnianej zmiennej poczucia jakości życia w modelu strukturalnym. Prawie połowę zmienności wyników poczucia jakości życia u pracowników wyższego szczebla można tłumaczyć związkiem cech osobowości i wartości.
EN
In this paper I have attempted to present issues resulting from the management and personality psychology, including their implications for company management practice and for their impact on managers wellbeing and a quality of life. My research, based on Ryan and Deci concept, concerns the psychological needs, adaptation (Rotter) and hierarchical values (Rokeach) of senior managers. I assumed that the sense of the quality of life would reveal a significant relationship with personality-related and axiological dimensions among senior managers. I hypothesized positive correlation between independent personality related variables distinguished in the personality and axiological model MOA for the sense of the quality of life such as the structure of needs (competence, autonomy, relatedness), adaptation and professional achievements. I also assumed a positive correlation between independent axiological variables: final and instrumental values. The determination rate was 0.49, that is it obtained 49% of variance of the variable of the sense of the quality of life being explained in the structural model MOA. Discussing the obtained results, we should emphasize the significance ascribed by senior managers to the following dimensions: adaptation, competence and relatedness for the sense of the quality of life.
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