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RETURNS FOR OVER-EDUCATION AND UNDER-EDUCATION FOR 25 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (A tul- es alulkepzes berhozama 25 europai orszagban)

100%

Galasi P.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

2009

vol. 56

issue 3

197-215

Using the Duncan-Hoffman model, the paper estimates returns for educational mismatch using comparable micro data for 25 European countries. The aim is to gauge the extent to which the main empirical regularities shown in other papers on the subject are confirmed by this data base. Based on tests proposed by Hartog and Oosterbeek, the author also considers whether the observed empirical patterns accord with the Mincerian basic human-capital model and Thurow's job-competition model. Heckman's sample-selection estimator shows the returns to be fairly consistent with those found in the literature; the job-competition model and the Mincerian human-capital model can be rejected for most countries.

Targeting unemployment benefits in Hungary

63%

Galasi P., Nagy G.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

2008

vol. 55

issue 5

The authors use the 2004 income survey of the Central Statistical Office to consider targeting of two types of unemployment-related benefit: (a) unemployment insurance and retraining benefits (UBs), and (b) unemployment assistance (UA). The evidence suggests that UBs are relatively well-targeted in the sense that most of the income support goes to persons at the bottom of the income ladder, although those in deep poverty benefit less. Income-redistribution exercises performed show that removing UBs would be detrimental to the position of persons at the bottom of the income scale, resulting in a higher poverty rate, while that redistributing them in favour of members of the original bottom or two bottom income deciles would better their income position and reduce the poverty rate. The authors also looked at whether persons eligible for UA (the main means-tested benefit in Hungary) were actually benefiting from it, and whether local labour-market conditions influenced the probability of receiving UA. It was found that persons meeting the eligibility criteria (personal and household income levels) have better chances of receiving UA, while local rates of unemployment also have a positive effect on such chances.

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2 Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

1 2009

1 2008

2 Galasi P.

1 Nagy G.

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RETURNS FOR OVER-EDUCATION AND UNDER-EDUCATION FOR 25 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (A tul- es alulkepzes berhozama 25 europai orszagban)

Targeting unemployment benefits in Hungary