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Walki o Stonawę 26 stycznia 1919 roku

100%
Korbel D.
Pamiętnik Cieszyński
|
2019
|
vol. T. 23
29-56
EN
The Battle of Stonava, which took place on the 26th of January 1919, is one of the most important episodes of the Czechoslovakian-Polish War. It lasted for 8 days (23–30 January). The importance of these events results not only in the breakdown of the Polish defense there. According to the numerous Polish witnesses, during and after the fights, Czechoslovakian soldiers were to commit numerous war crimes against Polish prisoners of war. Although 100 years have passed since the events in Stonava and the subject of the Polish-Czechoslovakian conflict over Cieszyn Silesia has been featured in dozens of Polish and Czech (Czechoslovakian) publications, they have not yet been the subject of more serious scientific research. For Czech historians such serious accusations of Czechoslovakian soldiers of the French legion, considered as national heroes, were controversial. It was often easier for them to treat it all together as Polish propaganda. Polish authors often took the accounts of Polish witnesses of those events uncritically and thoughtlessly, without even subjecting their sources to fundamental criticism. In order to block the research on the subject during the communist period, it was important to consider it as “taboo", which could not be raised during the period of the top-down decreed Polish-Czechoslovakian socialist friendship of the sister nations. The article is an attempt to describe more fully the dramatic events of the Battle of Stonava, based on Polish and Czech sources, archival photographic and film documentation, bibliography of this subject created in both countries and field research in the places of fighting. The analysis focuses also on the presentation of the general military situation after the first two days of the war and then the battle of Stonava, which ended with the dramatic retreat of the Polish army from Cieszyn on the night of 26/27 January 1919. The important part of the text is also a critical analysis of the source information describing the crimes committed by Czechoslovakian soldiers against Polish soldiers who were wounded and taken prisoners. The article attempts to make the number of the most probable reported cases real.
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12 Pułk Piechoty Ziemi Wadowickiej w obronie Śląska Cieszyńskiego

100%
Korbel D.
Wadoviana. Przegląd historyczno-kulturalny
|
2018
|
issue 21
60-83
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest udziałowi 12. Pułku Piechoty Ziemi Wadowickiej w obronie Śląska Cieszyńskiego podczas inwazji czeskiej w dniach 23-30 stycznia 1919 r. Ten konflikt był częścią procesu odzyskiwania niepodległości przez Polskę i walki o kształt jej granice. Autor przedstawił przyczyny sporu, jego historię i argumenty antagonistów. Podkreślił działania podstępne i dezinformacyjne ze strony Czech oraz scharakteryzował siły obu walczących stron. Szczegółowo opisany został przebieg wydarzeń - bitwa pod Stonawą, Kończycami Małymi i Zebrzydowicami z udziałem żołnierzy z 12 pułku piechoty. Jednym z oficerów, który zginął 26 stycznia niedaleko Stonawy był por. Henryk Karol Taub. Decyzją prezydenta RP z 22 października 2018 r. został odznaczony pośmiertnie Krzyżem Kawalerskim Orderu Odrodzenia Polski.
EN
The article remains participation of the 12th Infantry Regiment in the defense of Cieszyn Silesia during the Czech invasion of Poland from 23rd to 30th January 1919 r. This conflict was a part of the regaining independence process by Poland and the struggle of the shape of Polish borders. The introduction includes the subject of the dispute, its history and antagonists’ arguments. There are also some political and economic reasons of the outbreak of Czech-Polish war. The author underlines insidious and disinformation actions by Czech. Their army pretends to be Ententa army and tries to use the international mandate for their aggression. The next part shows the military aspect of the conflict and the Polish and Czech strength. The presentation of war events connected to the 12th Infantry Regiment participation in the war is also presented and the diplomatic circumstances of the end of the conflict between both countries are wildly described. The gory battle near Stonawa, Kończyce Małe and Zebrzydowice on 26th January is emphasized because of the participation of soldiers from 12th Infantry Regiment. One of the soldiers, who died on 26th January near Stonawa, was Henryk Karol Taub. He was given the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta by the president of Poland on 22nd October 2018.
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