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Przedsiębiorstwo jako aktywny podmiot kształtujący przestrzeń

100%
Machowski J.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
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2009
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vol. 12
153-158
EN
The analysis of occurrences on the level of lines, branches and divisions of the economy or the industry with respect to territorial units – which is referred to as the spatial structure – does not fully picture the complexity of present dependences occurring in the space. The object of my interest is the research of enterprises – organizations leading economic activity. The research stream of geography of enterprises (corporate geography), whose universally acknowledged precursor is Robert McNee, began to treat the enterprise as the active subject working in the space. The size and structure of an enterprise causes this space to be shaped, and not only limited to the used territory. Connections and interrelations of firms with the external environment: economic, technological, legal, political, cultural and natural, bear on the measurements and the spatial range of the enterprise. Determining the measures of an enterprise (the space shaped by it) and methods of their investigation are problems I have faced. In global economy, enterprises are surrounded by a wide circle of efficiently working firms, specialized, and realizing particular fragments of the created chain of value. Besides, value is not produced in a one-way chain, but within a number of multi-directional transactions between enterprises. Among them are basic activities (productive and commercial) connected with the physical creation of products (products and services), with their delivery, sale, and service, supporting the functioning of the enterprise infrastructure, supply, human resources and research and development works. Enterprises, in order to realize their own activities more efficiently, to a greater and greater degree are organized on the pattern of network organizations. Industrial networks are created both by large enterprises and small and middle-sized firms. The idea of networking was developed in spatial-economic research by Tadeusz Stryjakowski, in his works in industrial geography. For the present paper, the author defines the notion of a network enterprise, characterizes its features, presents the types and makes an attempt at determining the measurements of such enterprises and suggests methods of measurement.
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Płocki Park Przemysłowo-Technologiczny - projekt pobudzenia przedsiębiorczości lokalnej

100%
Machowski J.
Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja
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2007
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vol. 3
101-107
EN
A measure Establishing Environment Conducive to Enterprises Development was one ofstrategic goals of the Sectoral Operational Program Improvement of competitiveness of theeconomy, 2004-2006. This measure will be compatible with a development of the enterprisesand entrepreneurship in technology and industrial parks.Despite industrial and technology parks have similar goals, these facilities are different. Eachpark has its own unique nature because of its regional, cultural and economic conditions as wellas available growth potential.The initial profile of The P³ock Industrial and Technological Park created in July 2004//shareholders: PKN ORLEN /50%/ and City of Płock /50%/ was defined by the basic operationof PKN ORLEN and will benefit from financial and technological potential of this company.This program will activate the local R&B potential connected with the chemical industry andrelated fields, such as: environmental protection, waste treatment and recycling, logistics as wellas financial and banking services, IT, and telecommunications.
3
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Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski

63%
Wieloński A., Machowski J.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
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2008
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vol. 10
86-92
EN
The energy security is the term for the most part identified with ensuring its availability to different energy carriers and taking care about the continuity of its delivery. According to the authors, for Poland it means – above all – the diversification of the geographical structure of supply sources of crude oil and natural gas. The first part of the paper shows Polish dependence on the import of Russian crude oil and the possible other sources of supply – by realization of the plans of constructing the Odessa-Brody oil pipeline to Płock or using „Naftoport” in Gdańsk for oil unloading. The next part presents problems of the diversification of supply sources of natural gas and propositions alternative to the import from Russia – the delivery of natural gas from Norway or using the supply of liquefied gas (LNG) by sea (which requires infrastructure). In the last part of the paper the main subject is the role of the Polish petrochemical concern, PKN ORLEN in the country’s energy security system. The biggest corporation of Central Europe gained its importance on its own and taken-over refineries in Poland, the Czech Republic and Lithuania, also taking over inefficient logistic infrastructure, storage depots, pipeline network and sea reloading possibilities in Poland and Lithuania. The company interpreted the delivery diversification as the increased number of the crude oil suppliers and limitation of the share of long-standing contracts in the structure of crude oil delivery and the development of its own extraction segment. The authors recapitulate by saying that the idea of energy security and diversification can have different rendition in enterprises and the government. The diversification of the deliveries is possible but can be expensive (more expensive fuels, higher costs of transport, changes in processing technology), which can be a problem to enterprises. Doubts can be raised on the direction of the country’s actions, and promoting companies creating their own fuel base (it is more expensive than other solutions); it cannot be forgotten that Polish refineries have a right to negotiate the prices of crude oil delivery, which can maximise the gain for shareholders (including the Treasure Ministry). The best solution to the problem of the level of energy security would be (besides diversification of sources of supply) a constant increase in crude oil storage capacity and system storage of natural gas.
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