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Przed Birobidżanem. Losy ludności żydowskiej osiadłej na roli w Rosji carskiej oraz w pierwszych latach Związku Radzieckiego

100%

Kowalska E.

Wrocławskie Studia Wschodnie

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2015

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vol. 19

113-134

EN

As we examine the history of Jews, former citizens of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, who found themselves in Russia as a result of the partitions, we are forced to admit that Jewish settlement in rural areas implemented by the Bolshevik authorities is often mistakenly regarded as pioneering in nature. In fact, it was only a repetition of the tsarist project, though on a much larger scale. An analysis of the Jewish settlers’ farming skills shows that divisions into parasites and workers do not run along national lines but are much more complex. An analysis of the often difficult cooperation and co-existence with other nations of the USSR leads to a reflection on the evolution in the perception of the Jewish population in a broad social, cultural and political context. Translated by Anna Kijak

2

Socjobiologiczne ujęcie zróżnicowania płciowego człowieka

100%

Kowalska E.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2008

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vol. 25

239-254

EN

Sociobiology is an interdisciplinary science dependent on Darwin’s theory of evolution. It owes innovatory capacity thanks to theory that was formulated in 1964 by W. Hamilton, and named “kim selection”. This theory based on assumption, that unit of natural selection is one gene. Only this genetic program will be succeed which will continuously make copies of themselves from generation to generation, in consideration that organism will be carrier of this programs. DNA passing occurs by way of asexual reproduction, or sexual reproduction. It turned out that from two above – mentioned, favorably is sexual reproduction, because create live diversity, that increase in changeable and can’t stipulate environment. Also sexual reproduction, has contribute to elimination of the harmful mutation. Consequence of sexual reproduction is division to men and women organisms. Features that distinguish male from female are biological determined. In that features specify anatomical, physiological and behavior. Diversity of the body structure and behavior exposed in connection with production ovum by female and spermatozoon by male. Consequence is specific division of work. Sociobiology, which adjudicate about animals live usurp the right to adjudicate about social human live style. It was sharply criticized in 1975 after E. O. Wilson published “Sociobiology: The New Synthesis”. Under social pressure Wilson separated human sociobiology from classical sociobiology. However this article doesn’t bring up controversial issue, only try to present diversity male and female in the light of this scientific discipline.

3

Osadnictwo rolne ludności żydowskiej na Ukrainie w latach 1924–1934 (uwagi ogólne)

100%

Kowalska E.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2015

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vol. 47

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issue 2

PL

Rural Settlements of the Jewish Population in Ukraine in 1924–1934 (General Remarks)The history of the Jewish population in Russia and, subsequently, the Soviet Union constitutes a special page in the history of that state. One of its lesser–known aspects are the rural settlements of this minority in Ukraine, a fragment of a widely conceived national integration policy devised by the Soviet state. The course of the colonisation and, upon numerous occasions, its success are best evidenced by data cited in the study and pertaining to the number of settlers, the area of Jewish farmsteads, chief crops, and animal husbandry. It appears that the newly settled Jewish population, unaccustomed to work on the land, not only intensified agriculture but gradually even paid back credits. The profitability of the farmsteads was to a considerable extent favoured not solely by a determination to adapt to difficult living conditions but also by regulations permitting the access of foreign organisations. Owing to the absence of state funds the realisation of plans made at the top was rendered possible by foreign financial assistance.Despite the ultimate failure of the undertaking, which was to a considerable measure the outcome of the demands made by the authorities, the accomplishment of rural colonisation by this particular minority to a certain degree altered the stereotype of the Jew conceived as a trader and an exploiter, embedded in Soviet society. It also made it feasible to show, i.a. upon the example of neighbourly help often involving assorted ethnic groups, that divisions into good and bad citizens, and into industrious members of society and parasites, do not coincide with national boundaries, but possess much more complicated determinants, often shattering convenient stereotypes. A successful demonstration of the ability to cooperate and coexist with other nations within the USSR simultaneously defined the evolution of its perception within a wide social, cultural, and political context.

4

Małoletni więźniowie obozów specjalnych NKWD (1939–1940)

100%

Kowalska E.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2019

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vol. 51

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issue 2

PL

Pomimo bogatej literatury, opracowań naukowych i publikacji źródłowych zbrodnia katyńska to wciąż zagadnienie, które kryje w sobie wiele niepodjętych przez badaczy aspektów. Jednym z nich jest los małoletnich więźniów trzech obozów specjalnych NKWD: w Starobielsku, Kozielsku i Ostaszkowie. W artykule spróbowano znaleźć odpowiedzi na podstawowe w tej kwestii pytania: kim byli chłopcy przebywający w tych obozach, dlaczego się w nich znaleźli, jak liczna to była grupa, jaki los ich spotkał. Despite the rich literature, scientific studies and source publications, the Katyn Massacre is still an issue that hides many aspects not taken up by researchers. One of them is the fate of juvenile prisoners of three NKVD special camps: at Starobilsk, Kozelsk and Ostashkov. The article tries to answer to the basic questions in this matter: who were the boys staying in these camps, why were they in, how large was the group, and what happened to them?

5

Społeczna rola intelektualisty-nauczyciela akademickiego – refleksje

63%

Kowalski M., Kowalska E.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2015

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vol. 41

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issue 2

231-236

EN

In the article concerning the contemporary role (roles) of academic teachers we undertake an attempt to answer the following questions: What is the humanistic tradition of ‘being an expert’, ‘being a counsellor’?; Who is a thinker, an intellectual according to the humanistic tradition?; Are the requirements towards an expert, counsellor on one hand and a thinker, intellectual on the other hand to be met, in other words?; May a scientist-humanist effectively play these two roles?

PL

W artykule dotyczącym współczesnej roli (ról) nauczycieli akademickich podejmujemy próbę odpowiedzi na pytania: Jaka jest humanistyczna tradycja „eksperckości”, „doradztwa”?; Kim jest mędrzec, intelektualista według tradycji humanistycznej?; Czy wymagania wobec eksperta, doradcy z jednej strony, a mędrca, intelektualisty z drugiej, są do pogodzenia, czyli, innymi słowy, czy naukowiec-humanista może jednocześnie skutecznie odgrywać te dwie role?

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2 Dzieje Najnowsze

1 Rocznik Lubuski

1 Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

1 Wrocławskie Studia Wschodnie

1 2019

3 2015

1 2008

5 Kowalska E.

1 Kowalski M.

Przed Birobidżanem. Losy ludności żydowskiej osiadłej na roli w Rosji carskiej oraz w pierwszych latach Związku Radzieckiego

Socjobiologiczne ujęcie zróżnicowania płciowego człowieka

Osadnictwo rolne ludności żydowskiej na Ukrainie w latach 1924–1934 (uwagi ogólne)

Małoletni więźniowie obozów specjalnych NKWD (1939–1940)

Społeczna rola intelektualisty-nauczyciela akademickiego – refleksje