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PL
Współczesny język białoruski powstał w oparciu o zróżnicowaną dialektalnie mowę chłopów, zubożałej szlachty i najbiedniejszych miejskich warstw społecznych. Nie stanowi on kontynuacji piśmiennictwa starobiałoruskiego. Białoruskie piśmiennictwo współczesne ukształtowało się w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku. W ciągu całego XIX stulecia prezentują je wyłącznie teksty wierszowane i prozatorskie o dość zróżnicowanym poziomie artystycznym. Zebrane w różnych antologiach (nadal trwa poszukiwanie tego typu tekstów w archiwach) stały się fundamentem tworzenia konkordancji, wydrukowanej najpierw w wersji papierowej, a ostatnio w uzupełnionej i poprawionej wersji cyfrowej. Mimo drobnych braków technicznych Konkordancja języka białoruskiego XIX wieku pozwala usprawnić pracę językoznawcy: zestawić poszczególne leksemy i ich formy, zinterpretować ich częstotliwość (w poezji, prozie, u konkretnych autorów), poddać analizie semantykę wyrazów itd. W artykule skupiono uwagę na użyciu leksemów dom i chata w białoruskojęzycznych utworach XIX wieku.
EN
Contemporary Belarusian language is based on diversified dialectal speech of peasants, impoverished nobles and the poorest urban social strata. It does not constitute a continuation of old Belarusian writings. Belarusian modern writing developed in the first half of the 19th century. Throughout the 19th century, it is represented only by verse and prose texts with a fairly diverse artistic level. Collected in various types of anthologies (search for this type of texts in archives cotinues), the foundations for creating a concordance, first printed in a paper version, recently also in a supplemented and corrected electronic version. Despite the small technical deficiencies Concordance of Belarusian of the Nineteenth Century enables effective improvement of the work of the linguist: to compare individual lexemes and their forms, to interpret their frequency (in poetry, prose, specific authors), to analyze the semantics of words, etc. The article concentrates on the use of home/house lexemes in Belarusian-language texts of the 19th century.
EN
The Author of the article is taking over the meaning of the words талерантнасць (eng. tolerance), памяркоўнасць (eng. reasonableness), цярплівасць (eng. patience), which are used for the description of the term tolerance in Belarusian language. The Author is looking after its appearance at the Belarusian language dictionaries, analyzing its etymology, comparing synonyms, antonyms and hyperonyms. At the same time the Author specifies the time range of specific changes of the form and content. It is necessary to pay attention to the question concerning to the subject of tolerance from a concrete person whose characteristic features are: the acceptance of other people, kindness, understanding, appreciation and respect towards other people, social groups (especially religious and national), up to the characteristics of abstract conceptions, ideas. On the other hand I should admit the absence at the vocabulary database of the content ‘understanding and respect for the different sexual orientation groups’, which begins to appear just at modern texts at the tern of the XX and the XXI century (so text researches as analyses of the questionnaires which will be carried out among Belarusian youth will be done by the Author in the nearest feature). At the Belarusian language dictionaries nation is minimally characterized by the concept tolerance (refers to the joint subject). At the article the Author has used the methodology of cognitive definition, proposed by Jerzy Bartminski.
EN
The forms of Participles with -szy, -wszy in the Polish dialect in the neighborhood of Docishki (Belarus) are analyzed in this article. The past participles in this dialect are examined against the background of the Polish, Belarusian and Russian ethnic dialects, as well as, the Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian languages. The attention is drawn to the origin of the forms, the features of forming and their syntax function in the sentence. The main part of the article is dedicated to the dissemination and to the role of the participles with -szy, -wszy in the collected linguistic material in the neighborhood of Docishki and recorded in the old peasants’ villages and from the heirs of the landed gentry.
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