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PL
Wybory do Sejmu Ustawodawczego, które zostały przeprowadzone w Polsce w dniu 19 I 1947 r., stanowiły ważny element w przejmowaniu władzy przez komunistów. Będąc perfidnie sfałszowane, odsuwały od władzy oponentów, w tym główną partię opozycyjną – Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe. Pozbywszy się konkurentów Polska Partia Robotnicza i jej stronnicy: Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, Stronnictwo Ludowe i Stronnictwo Demokratyczne mogli bez skrępowania realizować wytyczne nadsyłane z Moskwy. Prymas Hlond, obserwator zachodzących w kraju przeobrażeń, sporządził w dniu 10 II 1947 r. raport o sytuacji Kościoła w Polsce, który przesłał do Watykanu cztery dni później. Zawarł w nim opinie odnoszące się do kwestii kościelnych, jak i spraw politycznych oraz społecznych. Dzięki temu dokument stał się niezwykle ważnym świadectwem, choć dotąd pozostawał w nauce nieznanym. Raport, sporządzony w języku włoskim, został niedawno odnaleziony w Archiwum Archidiecezjalnym w Gnieźnie w trakcie opracowywania powojennych Akt Prymasa Polski. Zidentyfikowany, został przetłumaczony i przygotowany do druku przez ks. Łukasza Kruckiego.
EN
The election to the Legislative Parliament held in Poland on January 19, 1947 consti-tuted an important factor in the takeover of the government by the Communists. Treach-erously falsified, it removed from power the opponents, among them the main opposi-tional party – the Polish People’s Party. Having got rid of the opponents, the Polish Workers’ Party and its adherents: the Polish Socialist Party, the People’s Party and the Alliance of Democrats could easily implement the guidelines sent from Moscow. Primate Hlond, an observer of the changes happening in Poland, wrote a report about the situation of the Church in Poland on February 10, 1947, which he sent to Vatican four days later. The report comprised his opinions on church matters as well as political and social issues. That is why the document constitutes an extremely important – although so far unknown – testimony. The report, written in Italian, was found not long ago in the Archdiocesan Archive in Gniezno, during the research on the postwar Primate of Poland Acts. Having been identified, it was translated and prepared for publication by Rev. Łukasz Krucki.
EN
The reference collection of the Archdiocesan Archives in Gniezno includes 72 directories and yearbooks of various religious orders. The oldest of these printed books comes from 1767 and was made for Camaldolese monks. The most recent one is a yearbook of the Oratorian Fathers from 2008. However, these printed books are far from uniform. Of crucial importance to this state of affairs is the period in which they originated. Another factor is the specificity of the various religious orders and congregations as well as the purpose of the publications: liturgical or organisational-administrative. That is why the collection in question encompasses directories (liturgical calendars), directories combined with yearbooks and yearbooks on their own. This is a result of the evolution of these publications, similar to the one that transformed analogous publications prepared for dioceses. As they contain a lot of information on a variety of topics, they constitute a valuable historical source, testifying to the liturgical and pastoral life of religious orders and congregations. Often, owing to a lack of any other archive material, they are the only source of information about the staffing of the various monasteries, abbeys or houses. Th e collection kept in the Archdiocesan Archives in Gniezno contains directories and yearbooks drawn up by the following religious orders or congregations – Bernardine Sisters and Fathers (7 items), Camaldolese Monks (1), Cistercian Monks and Nuns (10), Conventual Franciscans (35), Discalced Carmelite Monks and Nuns (1), Dominican Brothers and Sisters (1), Jesuits (11), Missionaries of the Holy Family (1), Oratorian Fathers (1), Reformati (3) and Sacred Heart Fathers (1). Generally, most of the books came from the Archives and Library of the Metropolitan Chapter in Gniezno. Other donors were: the Metropolitan Curia, the Primatial Seminary and the Secretariat of the Primate of Poland. The collection also includes printed items of unknown provenance. However, all of them constitute a valuable source for the study of the history of religious orders and congregations operating not only in Poland, a source that will leave no one indifferent.
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