Artykuł poświęcony jest szczególnemu działowi onomastyki – imionom świętych. Imiona świętych mają funkcję sakralną, dlatego muszą być zindywidualizowane. Odwołanie do spisu imion świętych Rosyjskiej Cerkwi Prawosławnej ujawnia powtórzenia imion własnych. Tak więc imię osobiste Vasiliy powtarza się 131 razy. Imię świętego – hagioantroponim – ma za zadanie służyć jako identyfikator osoby kanonizowanej, wyróżnić ją wśród innych, noszących to samo imię. Hagioantroponim nie może być reprezentowany wyłącznie przez imię i nazwisko, indywidualizacja zachodzi przy pomocy wieloskładnikowej, rzadziej dwuskładnikowej struktury hagioantroponimu. Struktura i skład danego hagioantroponimu zależy od sytuacji już istniejącej w systemie świętych imion, a także historii życia i duchowego heroizmu świętego. Dwuskładnikowe mogą być tylko najstarsze hagioantroponimy (katego¬ria świętości + imię), później system nazewnictwa komplikuje się poprzez dodanie wyróżników, na przykład: kategoria świętości + nazwa + wyróżnik (wyróżnikiem może być nominator, deskryptor, lokalizator, przydomek, nazwisko, tytuł, etnonim). W artykule zostały przeanalizowane hagioantropoimy z imionami własnymi Igor, Pimen, Varlaam, Vasiliy. Autor stwierdza, że struktura i zawartość hagioantroponimów mają nie tylko funkcję różnicującą, ale również informacyjną, są pojęciowym rdzeniem żywota świętego.
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The article is devoted to original language material – to names of Saints. Names of Saints perform sacral function, therefore, they have to be individualized. The author studied the list of names of Saints of Russian Orthodox Church and revealed repetitions of personal names. For example, the personal name Vasily repeats 131 times. The name of the Saint (agioanthroponym) has to perform function of the identifier of the specific person canonized, to distinguish it from others, bearing the same personal name. Agioanthroponyms are not presented only by personal names, individualization of the Saint is carried out by means of multicomponent structure of agioanthroponyms, two-component agioanthroponyms seldom meet. The structure of the components of a particular agioanthroponyms depends on the situation in the system of Saints' names and testifies to the spiritual feat of Saint. Only the oldest agioanthroponyms (rank of holiness + name) can have two components, gradually the naming system became more com¬plex because of the differentiators, for example: rank of holiness + name + differentiator (nominees, descriptors, localizers, agno¬mens, cognomen, names, ethnonyms can function as a differentiator). The author describes the agioanthroponyms with personal names Igor, Pimen, Varlaam, Vasily. The conclusion contains the idea about the structure and content of agioanthroponyms perform not only a differentiating function, agianthroponym is the conceptual core of the life of Saint.
The article “Border Zone as a Conceptual Category” is devoted to the word пограничье which has actively functioned in texts of different fields of knowledge and different methodological perspectives within the past twenty five years. The author claims that its full resonance is not reflected in dictionaries of Russian language.and givess a short overwiew of the word пограничье in order to point out that it is a conceptual wideranging and multifarious category functioning in the context of contemporary political, social and cultural processes characteristic not only for Russia. Key words: word, concept, category, border, frontier
PL
Zjawisko przekraczania granic wiąże się nierozerwalnie z koncepcją pogranicza, wszechstronnie analizowaną na przestrzeni ostatnich dwudziestu pięciu lat z różnych perspektyw i w ramach odmiennych pól badawczych. Obracając się w sferze filozofii języka, autorka artykułu Пограничье как понятийная категория pokrótce zarysowuje historię użycia koncepcji pogranicza, by dalej pokazać szerokie spektrum semantyczne słowa pogranicze wynikające z faktu, że funkcjonuje ono w kontekście współczesnych procesów kulturowych i społecznych, charakterystycznych nie tylko dla Rosji, stając się tym samym koncepcją pojemną i wieloaspektową.
Research material collected for this paper consists of Russian national riddles about bees. The author describes key words in the examined riddles and provides historical comments concerning national culture. Riddles reflect the oldest period of beekeeping history in Russia, as well as national and folk knowledge of bees.
This article provides the logical description of a folklore riddle (737 riddles). Research problems are solved with the help of the static, semantic and stylistic analyses. The figurative system of riddles about a firmament is discussed and cognitive structures are studied. The author additionally comments on the national ideas on cosmism.
The author describes ways of conceptualizing weather in the modern Russian language, Russian dialects and old Russian language, based on data of various dictionaries. The author reveals the basic lexical meaning and functions of the word weather, describes ways of differentia- tion of polysemy of the given word.
The article is devoted to spirituality as an actual category of the scientific and cultural paradigm of the 20th century, spirituality is qualified as an “eternal theme”. The author emphasizes the “fuzziness of the theme,” speaks about the complexity of its definition, as well of ambigious understanding in various socio-historical periods. Spirituality as an eternal topic of fiction is discussed on the example of the novel by Evgenе Vodolazkin Lavr. Lavr – is a hagiographic novel, which describes the life and spiritual path of the doctor in Medieval Russia. The author emphasizes the actuality of the novel Lavr for modern Russia.
The source of research is V.I. Dalya’s Explanatory dictionary. The material of research is a dictionary entry „Rain”. The dictionary entry is studied as the text. Methods cognitive linguistics, the logic analysis are applied. The author find out typological attributes of the dictionary and confirms high quality of V.I. Dalya’s Explanatory dictionary.
The analysis of various dictionaries allows to reveal the stages of development of the words traced back to the common Slavic root *div-, with regard to their derivational and lexical relationships. The article focuses on the ethnological and cultural factors influencing the evolution of that family of words.
The article discusses extension and intension of the advertisement concept. The core idea, originality, likeability (attractiveness), target population orientation, motivation (encouragement) are viewed as the main components of the contemporary advertising. For that 1250 slogans were analyzed to reveal the frequent lexical items (with regard to parts of speech). The fact that the most frequent name is LIFE is interpreted in view of streamline of publicity manipulation and ideology of advertising.
Problems and principles of the word description in Russian glossary are stated in article. The great attention is given to a principle of semantic adequacy of explanation. Authors use concept of linguistic adequacy; linguistic adequacy is understood as the description of the semantics, taking into account various relations of word meanings. Studying of a problem of linguistic adequacy is tested on a material of the animal names.
In this article we have made multi-faceted description of a dictionary - its macro- and microstructure,purpose, scope and form of the dictionary’s lexicon. Our next task was to define basictypological features of the dictionary. We selected two the most appropriated typologies - one, ofUkrainian linguist, V. Dubichinsky’s and the second one, of a Polish dialectologist, H. Karas. As aresult of the analysis, we found that the classification of the dictionary is not possible due tovariety of Russian Old Believers’ insular dialect surrounded by foreign languages (Polish andGerman as well). Our study confirms an enormous value of the dictionary because of its richillustrative material, as well as the speech of three generations from the three Polish Old Believers’centers: Suwalki-Sejny, Augustow and Mazury which was fixed in it.
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