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Symbol in translation

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Glottodidactica
|
2016
|
vol. 43
|
issue 2
135-146
EN
The subject for reflection in this paper is the translational challenge posed by the rendering of linguistic representations of national stereotypes, based on the example of the flower Edelweiss from the song Edelweiss which became a word-symbol for the inhabitants of the U.S.A. The translation of this stereotype created in the U.S.A., where the symbol of Edelweiss gained an added meaning, means that the translator of the English-German language pair is forced to explain the exo-cultural associations to those receivers who are enculturated in the country of this symbol’s origin.  
EN
The paper presents a trial to define a phenomenon, called explanatory sequences, which accompanies conversations that are interpreted consecutively. These sequences pertain to the process of interpretation and they are interactive language activities, undertaken not only by the interpreter but also by both interlocutors in a crisis situation, which poses a threat of misunderstanding the message to be conveyed. The explanatory sequences belong to the language activities which pertain to the process of communication and aim to: organize the process of text production, correct the communication and do away with doubts. These activities are undertaken by the participants of the conversation which is led in one language. What is however important for our investigation, are the explanations which have been caused by the process of interpretation and the presence of the interpreter who acts as a language in-between. Explanations in the process of translation can also serve to signal a change of the code by the speaker, who himself translates his text to the target language.
PL
What will be analysed in the paper, from the pragmalinguistic perspective, is the specificity and the positioning of wishes in an MP’s speech as a particular type of text. In my research, I would like to shed some light on the multifunctioning of such speech acts in the public performances, to which parliamentary speeches belong, which stems from the multitude of their addressees. I will be particularly interested in the change of the illocutionary force of wishes which, thanks to the influence of the irony that they contain, may serve the opposition politicians to mock the ruling party’s MPs. This, in turn, can indirectly lead to the disparagement of the latter. In a broader sense it can also be the result of a general persuasive function of all political speeches. The marking of irony is very specific for a given culture or even the idiolect of particular MPs. The precise knowledge of the possible indirect readings of some MPs’ utterances, and the techniques for deciphering ironic expressions would be very valuable for interpreters who have just recently begun their work in e.g. the European Parliament, where the speeches of MPs are interpreted simultaneously.
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