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1

Motivating students to creative actions - between romanticism and behaviorism

100%
Karwowski M.
Ruch Pedagogiczny
|
2006
|
vol. 77
|
issue 3-4
13-26
EN
The article presents two alternative attempts to the problem of using rewards in motivating children to creative activity - cognitive point of view presented by Teresa M. Amabile who thinks reward influence is detrimental and behaviorist perspective represented by Robert Eisenberger who says that rewards in most cases increase the creativity level. Some research results representative for the both authors views and close to their theoretical perspectives are discussed and their consequences for practice of education for creativity are taken into consideration. There is also critical discussion about often made associations between internal motivation and intrinsic motivation as well as external motivation and extrinsic motivation, and some suggestions of more clear distinctions are proposed.
2

THE GLASS 'ZIPPERS' FROM THE AREA OF LA TENE CULTURE IN LOWER AUSTRIA

100%
Karwowski M.
Acta Archaeologica Carpathica
|
2004
|
vol. 39
123-133
EN
In private archaeological collections from Lower Austria, there are two unrecorded glass ornaments called 'zipper' (known in German literature as Schieber). These are stray finds from the area of La Tene culture settlements in Etzersdorf and Haselbach (Lower Austria). The La Tene glass 'zipper' were certainly elements of necklaces comprising a number of glass items, mainly small beads. They could have also been used as links in multi-element ornamentations of more complex structures. The objects discussed here appear in large numbers in pre-Alpine areas, mainly in Bavaria. The relics discussed in the article are the easternmost finds of this type. Mainly on the basis of the Bavarian analogies (Manching-Steinbichel), the 'zipper' should be dated at the Middle La Tene period. Both in Etzersdorf and in Haselbach, large numbers of glass items were discovered; however, it is very unlikely that the 'zipper' were produced locally. The objects should be treated as Western imports, testifying to the far-reaching contacts of the inhabitants of the above settlements.
3

Success - what is it? What does it depend on? Teachers' opinions on success

63%
Lebuda I., Karwowski M.
Ruch Pedagogiczny
|
2006
|
vol. 77
|
issue 5-6
45-62
EN
The article deals with problem of teachers' success source definitions and elements which could help to achieve success. There was made assumption that description of main used categories which - in teachers view - help people in achieving success and comparing this description to the rest of society point of view, could be useful in understanding teaching strategies as well as been a source of interesting sociological knowledge. Analysis of data from the Polish General Social Survey between 1992 and 2002 shows that teachers, similar to the rest of society, see success sources mainly in individual abilities and activity (ambition, hard work). At the same time an increasing importance of factors is noted that could be associated with social stratification - mainly family income and parents' education level.
4

Effectiveness of creativity trainings - a meta-analytic approach

63%
Wisniewska E., Karwowski M.
Ruch Pedagogiczny
|
2007
|
vol. 78
|
issue 3-4
31-50
EN
The article deals with the problem of creativity trainings effectiveness. Inspiring by Leritz, Scott and Mumford (2005) analysis authors conducted metaanalysis to evaluate the scope of overall effectiveness of Polish creativity trainings. More than forty separate studies were chosen (44) conducted by 17 researchers on large sample of 2142 participants. To evaluate the effectiveness Glass Delta was used as a effect size measure. Analyses show that generally creativity trainings are very effective (delta more than 1), but the effectiveness is highly depending on such elements as: detailed training program, criterion measure, and others. Consequences of the results are discussed.
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