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Długookresowe tendencje na áwlatowym rynku wyrobów przemysłu lekkiego. Wnioski dla Polski

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Dzikowska-Zawirska J., Nacewski J., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. H. Z.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1984
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vol. 35
EN
The authors have made an attempt at evaluating long-term prospects for production and export of light-industry products against the background of structural changes taking place in the world economy and in the international trade. Two phenomena deserve special attenation here. First of all, the increased role played by developing countrlea as producers and, first of all, as exporters of light-industry products based on cheap labour and their own raw materials base in many cases. The processes of transferring labour-intensive production from highly developed to developing countries are becoming more and more intensified. A group of new and relatively big producers includes such countries as Hongkong, Taiwan, South Korea. Brasil etc. On the other hand, there occur substantial technological changes in the light industry, which consist in more economical use of raw materials and decreasing role of natural components being replaced by synthetic components.
2
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Rola prognozowania w podejmowaniu przedsięwzięć integracyjnych w RWPG

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Miciński A., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. H. Z.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1984
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vol. 35
EN
The integration of socialist countries is a new phenomenon. The forms of its implementation should undergo an evolution on the way of confrontation between novel solutions and the economic practice. Forecasting should become one of foundations for launching integration ventures within the CMEA. The forecasts of the CMEA member countries summed up at the integration level allow to formulate conclusions with respect to future needs of the community in definite areas of the economy and possibilities of meeting these needc within the CMEA framework. This will provide a possibility of predicting the possible barriers to the economic development of the member states creating simultaneously a chance of preventing them through undertaking appropriate measures. In turn, the forecasts concerning the international environment of the grouping provide information on future possibilities and sources of supplying deficit commodities within the grouping as well as changes in the international labour division on the world scale. Adjustment to these changes allows to reduce the social costs of the community's development. For such forecasting to be able to accomplish the planned tasks it must be organized within a coherent system operating in a continuous manner.
3
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Miejsce przedmiotów: planowanie i prognozowanie handlu zagranicznego oraz metody analizy rynków zagranicznych w programie studiów

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Dzikowska-Zawirska J., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. H. Z.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1984
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vol. 35
PL
W niżej przedstawionym artykule autorka ustosunkowuje się do bardzo ważnego (dla procesu dydaktycznego) problemu uaktualniania programu studiów. Przekazane uwagi zostały oparte na wieloletnim doświadczeniu wynikającym z funkcjonowania kierunku ekonomiki i organizacji handlu zagranicznego przy Wydziale Ekonomiczno-Socjologicznym. Przy czym za ważny (ze względu na kształcenie przyszłego pracownika przedsiębiorstwa handlu zagranicznego) uznała autorka problem .usytuowania w programie studiów grupy przedmiotów: planowanie i prognozowanie handlu zagranicznego oraz metody analizy rynków zagranicznych. Należy wyjaśnić, iż do grupy przedmiotów wymienionych w tytule zaliczono także przedmiot: koniunktura gospodarcza, bowiem zdaniem autorki, dopiero to wszystkie trzy przedmioty łącznie tworzą jednolitą całość.
EN
The author has made an attempt at presentation of the importance and place of the above two subjects in the curriculum of academic courses. The first part of the paper discusses the changes, which over several years could be observed in consecutive curricula of academic courses. The second part deals with a proposed, experimental curriculum of academic courses, which has been a subject of discussion in all universities of Poland for several months now. The last part of the article contains a presentation of further subjects for discussion ae well as the author's propositions concerning improvement in the process of university courses (these propositions refer mainly to the two subjects analyzed by the author).
4
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Strukturalne przeobrażenia w gospodarce światowej

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Nacewski J., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. E. H. Z.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1984
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vol. 35
EN
The author's main attention ie focussed on three essential characteristic features, which, to a large extent, account for structural changes in the capitalist economy. They include: progressive process of the economic life monopolization (industrial production, raw materials market, labour market), growing trends of inflationary price increase, and decreasing effectiveness of state intervention. All these mutually interrelated characteristics led to stagnation in the capitalist economy and to essential structural changes (reduction of economic growth rate and of international trade volume, growing role of developing countries, and especially OPEC countries).
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