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Raport z oznaczania zwęglonych nasion, owoców i węgli drzewnych ze stanowiska grupy tarnobrzeskiej kultury łużyckiej w Grabowcu, stan. 1, gm. Radymno, woj. podkarpackie

100%
Stachowicz-Rybka R., Moskal-del Hoyo M., Tomczyńska Z., Lityńska-Zając M.
Raport
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2014
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vol. 9
151-164
EN
The presented article contains the results of macroscopic analysis of plant remains (fruit, seeds and wood), deposited on the site of the Tarnobrzeg group of the Lusatian culture in Grabowiec, site 1/50/105-85 AZP, commune Radymno. All the discussed pieces remained in a burnt condition. They represented few residues of Einkorn wheat cereals Triticum monococcum, spelt Triticum spelta and proso millet Panicum miliaceum. In the group of wild herbal species there was recorded the presence of plants related today with arable fields (Bromus secalinus, Thlaspi arvense and Galium spurium) or field and ruderal habitats (Chenopodium album). The most strongly represented were the remains of trees and shrubs. On their basis Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, Acer, Alnus, Betula, Quercus and Ulmus were marked. The composition of the anthracologic spectrum suggests that in the neighbourhood of the site forests in the type of today’s broadleaved forest developed (oak, hornbeam involving maple and lime) and riparian forests (ash and alder).
2

Utilisation of cultivated and wild plants in the economy of the Linear Pottery Culture in the Upper Vistula basin

100%
Lityńska-Zając M., Czekaj-Zastawny A., Rauba-Bukowska A.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
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2017
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vol. 69
271-295
EN
The current recognition of plant materials obtained from archaeological sites of the Linear Pottery Culture in the Upper Vistula basin made it possible to indicate the species that were cultivated and utilised by the Early Neolithic human communities. The data presented in this paper, referring to the occurrence of macroscopic plant remains of various types, was collected from 23 sites (97 identifi ed taxa). The analyses covered charred remains of plants, their imprints in daub and pottery, and fragments preserved within the mass of clay used for production of ceramic vessels. The results of these studies have delivered a great number of interpretative opportunities; apart from reconstructions of the environment and economic behaviours of fi rst farmers, these opportunities included the versatile application of plants, and clearly indicated that an application of plants and organic materials was highly diversifi ed and constituted the grounds on which human economy of the Early Neolithic was based.
3

RESULTS OF NATURAL SCIENCE ALYSES OF THE BADEN CULTURE MATERIALS IN THE ŠARIŠ REGION, NORTH-EASTERN SLOVAKIA

88%
Horváthová E., Lityńska-Zając M., Rauba-Bukowska A., Wilczyński J., Zastawny A.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2022
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vol. 70
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issue 1
1 -  32
EN
The study presents a general characteristic of the Šariš agglomeration of the Baden culture (BaC) following from the data of archaeological and mostly natural science analyses (mineral-petrographic, archaeozoological, archaeobotanical, anthropological and radiocarbon). Representative find contexts from three settlement areas and one locality with burials were selected form the region for comparative analyses. The above-mentioned sites identify the BaC settlement period in the region from the horizon of the Boleráz/Early Classical BaC stage (Baden I/II) to its late classical development stage (Baden III /IV). The published data were excerpted from a more extensive information database containing results of analyses of BaC find contexts from Trans-Carpathian regions of Slovakia (Gemer, Košická kotlina basin, Zemplín, Spiš, Šariš) and Lesser Poland, which were integral parts of the north-eastern regional expansion of the Baden cultural complex.
4
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Badania archeobotaniczne na wielokulturowym stanowisku 2 w Zagórzu, gm. Niepołomice, woj. małopolskie

76%
Lityńska-Zając M., Cywa K., Tomczyńska Z., Wasylikowa K., Madeyska E., Koziarska A.
Raport
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2015
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vol. 10
161-186
EN
Plant remains collected on the multicultural archaeological site 2 at Zagórze, originated from features of the Linear Pottery, Lengyel and Malice Cultures dated to the Neolithic, the Lusatian Culture from the III or IV period of the Bronze Age, the Tyniec Culture from the La Tène period, and the Puchov Culture from the Roman period. For several features chronology and/or culture were not recognized. The recovered material included charred and uncharred fruits/seeds, wood charcoal and rare impressions in daub. Uncharred diaspores were considered intrusions from younger layers and were ignored in the interpretation of the results. The results obtained for features from different time were of uneven value. Plant remains found in the Linear Pottery culture features included single grains of barley, emmer wheat, bread wheat, and rye and numerous grains of common millet. Wild herbs (about 17 species) belonged to field and ruderal weeds. Anthracological spectrum was dominated by oak and pine, birch, alder, and hazel were relatively frequent, while hornbeam, fir, beech and maple were represented by single specimens. Possible contamination of the samples by the younger intrusions including bread wheat, rye, and common millet as well as hornbeam and beech was discussed. Plant material recovered from features of the early phase of the Lusatian culture dated to the Bronze Age (Table 5) was of special interest because hitherto only very scanty archaeobotanical data were available for that period in Poland. Among the cereals, common millet grains were the most abundant, single grains belonged to barley, emmer and bread wheat. Millet was often found in large quantities on the Lusatian culture sites dated to the Hallstatt period, the now available data support the view that the spread of millet cultivation began already in the Bronze Age and this species became one of the most important cereals at the transition to the Iron Age. The richest plant material was found in the Puchov culture features dated to the Roman Period. People of this culture cultivated different cereals, among which millet and emmer were the most common, less abundant were barley, rye, bread wheat, oat, and spelt wheat.
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