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1

Bp. Ignacy Dec, Ku prawdzie na skrzydłach wiary i rozumu, t. 1: Rozważania filozoficzne

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2019

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vol. 25

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issue 2

2

The absurdity as a basic interpretative category in Lev Shestov’s existential irrationalism

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 19

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issue 2

PL

Russian Lev Isaakovich Shestov (Jew by origin, born Yehuda Leyb Schwarzmann) is one of the most controversial minds in the 20th century. His anti-system and anti-rationalistic thought is defined as “The philosophy of absurdity” and is an extraordinary intellectual phenomenon on the philosophical map not only in Europe, but all over the world. This whole article is an attempt to show how the basic categories of Shestov’s thinking (which was glorified by Russian philosophers) such as: “chaos”, “paradox”, “nonsense” and “chance”, became “keys” for interpreting all of reality. They also became the way to discover the antinomian truth about the world. ”Absurdity in everything God.” God created absurdity, chaos and the place devoid of any principles, the “world”. There is the only one truth, which we understand at the very bottom of epistemic despair. We can achieve this knowledge by blind and irrational faith which is devoid of any justification; therefore there is real Tertullian’s credo quia absurdum. In this antinomian world which is devoid of any sense, the most noticeable things are creation and total freedom which causes man to come closer to God.

3

Metaphysical realism as a source of truth about reality. Remarks in the light of “the common sense metaphysics”

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 20

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issue 2

PL

The first and the most important issue of philosophy is a question about the existence, its condition and its causes. The second basic and equally important problem is the question whether we have the actual with the existence contact. There is also a question about the reality of the world around us and as a consequences the possibility of rational speaking of its. This article is another attempt of “justification” the ontic realism but also the theory cognitive as strategies which are proving that all what is around us really exist and we have access to them not only on the intellectual but on the sensual way as well. Through this fact this article join the discussion, which is still conducting from the beginning of philosophy on the axis: idealism and realism. The author by defending the realism of world which surrounds us and, first of all, refers to the natural human cognitive possibilities such as “common sense”, the original “rights to exist” and thinking about its. They are also called “laws of reason” and rationality. Violation of those rights always pushes the human thinking to the area of the absurd and the surrounding reality becomes incomprehensible and pointless. The final conclusion is an argument that only real reality which is the real object of metaphysics is worthy attention and philosophy’s interest.

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Stanisław Kowalczyk, Nurty personalizmu. Od Augustyna do Wojtyły, Wydawnictwo KUL, Lublin 2010, ss. 246

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 19

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issue 2

5

Juan Manuel Burgos, Personalizm. Autorzy i tematy nowej filozofii, tłum. Krzysztof Koprowski, wydawca: Centrum Myśli Jana Pawła II, Warszawa 2010, ss. 206

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 19

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issue 1

6

Philosophical and Existential Structure of Illness, Suffering and Death

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2019

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vol. 24

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issue 2

PL

Despite the fact that there exists a substantial amount of scientific works dedicated to various aspects of illness, suffering, dying and death – all the research still appears to be incomplete. Very often they offer only one point of view, are very limited or not coherent. One can’t help but doubt, if it is possible at all to write a fully objective and “to the point”, short philosophical essay about the complicated “world of illness”, human suffering, dying and death. That problem seems being increased by the fact, that every time the words in those dramatic matters are spoken, there is no empirical verification of the thesis or any proof for the truthfulness of the established results. It is set on theoretical analysis of what best describes the unfathomable “mystery”. That’s why it looks as if only philosophy is a knowledge domain competent enough to, by “asking about the human being”, show his living status, destiny and cause. The most suitable area of research is the metaphysical fragility of the human’s life, which includes the suffering, pain, illness and death. And all of them are what the human nature (spiritual and carnal) is composed of.

7

La «divinoumanità» e il male nel idealismo russo di Vladimir Soloviev

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 18

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issue 1

PL

Il concetto di Divino-Umanità questo è il concetto chiave per capire il pensiero di Soloviev. Quel concetto esclude ogni considerazione separata dell’uomo e di Dio. Divino-Umanità non significa soltanto che Dio si è fatto uomo in Cristo. DivinoUmanità significa professare la divinità dell’uomo, “divinità che ha in Cristo la sua immensa e massima verifica e, perciò, il suo fondamento”. In quel contesto l’autore affronta il problema del male come protagonista della storia e fa vedere quanto è facile allontanarsi dal Cristo ingannandosi sul bene, sul progresso e sulla salvezza. È inganno, il bene atteso come annullamento esteriore dei conflitti perché falsifica l’ethos cristiano, la vita redenta e l’essere stesso. “Non è vero che lo scopo della vita o lo stato di beatitudine sia fatto di benessere, di comodità e di felicità pacifica come lo immagina la coscienza edonista del nostro tempo. Il riposo e la serenità non sono l’inerzia e l’impassibilità. L’essere nel profondo è desiderio, fiamma viva, passione”.

8

God and the human being in anti-system and anti-rationalistic Lev Shestov’s thought

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Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 19

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issue 1

PL

Lev Shestov, till now, is one of the most controversial Russian thinkers from the beginning of the 20 century. The philosophical system which he created seems to be completely incongruous with contemporary trends of thoughts in Russia and with those which existed then in Western Europe as well. The main aim of Shestov’s philosophizing was a postulate of releasing the philosophical thought from slavery of intellect and dogmatic truth. As a result of that, the context of his philosophizing is widely understood irrationally as the only chance of releasing humanity from intellect. He claimed that human beings met God through tragedy, hopelessness and despair. The experience of tragedy itself suddenly takes a human being from the only safe world standards and rules that they know, becomes the beginning of faith and the moment of meeting with inexpressible God. Shestov’s God is absolutely irrational and crazy; He is a personalized fantasy who “…can freely create the mountains without valleys, the light without darkness and even falsehood made as truth”. So the God is and has unrestricted, absolute freedom. The human being who is as a Biblical image and God icon, can find their likeness to God in giving up rational knowledge and releasing the slavery and handcuffs of intellect because it leads human beings into the abyss of hell.

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Jan Skoczyński, Jan Woleński, Historia filozofii polskiej, seria: Myśl Filozoficzna, Wydawnictwo WAM, Kraków 2010

75%

Mrzygłód P.

Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny

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2018

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vol. 20

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issue 2

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Bp. Ignacy Dec, Ku prawdzie na skrzydłach wiary i rozumu, t. 1: Rozważania filozoficzne

The absurdity as a basic interpretative category in Lev Shestov’s existential irrationalism

Metaphysical realism as a source of truth about reality. Remarks in the light of “the common sense metaphysics”

Stanisław Kowalczyk, Nurty personalizmu. Od Augustyna do Wojtyły, Wydawnictwo KUL, Lublin 2010, ss. 246

Juan Manuel Burgos, Personalizm. Autorzy i tematy nowej filozofii, tłum. Krzysztof Koprowski, wydawca: Centrum Myśli Jana Pawła II, Warszawa 2010, ss. 206

Philosophical and Existential Structure of Illness, Suffering and Death

La «divinoumanità» e il male nel idealismo russo di Vladimir Soloviev

God and the human being in anti-system and anti-rationalistic Lev Shestov’s thought

Jan Skoczyński, Jan Woleński, Historia filozofii polskiej, seria: Myśl Filozoficzna, Wydawnictwo WAM, Kraków 2010