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The paper is an attempt to read the short novel by Stefan Grabinski entitled: The Blind Man's Bluff, as a particular literary genre. Key of the game called blind man's bluff lies in getting one or more participants eyes closed or covered; this game therefore can be taken as a metaphor of such a writing activity that is disconnected from reality, or fixed on individual imaginations and fantasies. The main character of the short novel, named Grześ Lutomski, is successively fading away from reality to a complete isolation, gradually limiting himself to the world of his subjective projections. As an example we can find Grzes entertaining himself in an empty room which is however full of his own fantasies. This type of creative activity does not let voices from the outside in, namely -from the real world, it's closed and inclusive. According to Grabinski this particular type of writing is too self-centered and therefore unfruitful and unsuccesful.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the phenomen of unprofessional literary blogs. The main reference is lubimyczytac.pl which has over one hundred thousand of users who publish their reviews about books. Both lubimyczytac.pl and private literary blogs create an alternative place for discussing literature beyond professional, academic literary criticism. This alternative place pretends to be free from depending on market and to present an „authentic reading experience” rather than professional review. But schematic composition and language of those texts as well as the need to strive for the popularity causes the same mechanism of dependence as in professional literary criticism.
EN
This article suggests reading Grabiński’s story called False Alarm through realistic elements present in it. The literary work by the author of The Motion Demon seems to resist the poetics of realistic writing, however its elements appear in many novellas. In this article False Alarm is treated as a tale revealing the mechanisms of realism itself, understood as making up a narration which remains in close relation with reality outside the text. Using the tools of Lacan’s psychoanalysis, Grabiński may be seen as a writer who protects the realism of reality, showing that it always includes some inexplicable remainder beyond symbolic meaning, unable to be integrated in rationalized reasoning. That “remainder” requires making use of an uncanny tale, however it allows us to see to what extent Grabiński aimed at describing reality with all its unpredictability and inexplicability.
EN
The article is an attempt to present the theoretical and critical declarations of Stefan Grabiński concerning the literary genre of fantasy. The author of The Motion Demon defined his writer’s manifesto precisely, placing his work in the field of metafantasy, which emphasizes the metaphysical aspect of the fantastic. In a few of his theoretical sketches Grabiński dealt with the principles of constructing this metaphysical dimension, indicating the writer’s strategies of creating individual levels of mystery. The article also analyzes Grabiński’s self-critical comments as well as more advanced ways of creating the so-called autofiction, which can be discovered with the help of psychoanalytic instruments.
PL
The necessity of rythmThis article is a review of the book Typografie by Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe. The article refers firstly to the problem of Polish reception of Lacoue-Labarthe’s philosophy, then discusses the question of the subject and finally concerns the main problem of relations between philosophy, literature and aesthetics presented in the book. The review also touches upon the question of Lacoue-Labarthe’s interpretation of Heideggerian ontology and political engagement in fascism which is explained in the context of his visions of both politics and aesthetics.
PL
How does the contemporary Polish weird fiction scare us?The text concerns different strategies of constructing weird fiction by contemporary Polish writers. In two anthologies published in 2013, authors of weird novels reinterpret the classic paradigm of weird fiction (associated with Lovecraft) as well as try to refer it to the present reality. Polish writers, inspired mainly by Stefan Grabiński’s work, use his best known motives, such as weird trains and desolate stations. The second source of inspiration is Poe’s dead subject (from The Facts in the Case of M. Waldemar), who acts as a living one and generates the horror. These inspirations, however, do not help contemporary writers with creating a new paradigm of weird fiction but rather close them in the circle of constant inspirations and dependence on their predecessors.
Praktyka Teoretyczna
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2019
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vol. 34
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issue 4
123-151
PL
Cel tekstu jest podwójny: po pierwsze, jest on opisem postkrytycznej tendencji we współczesnej humanistyce anglo-amerykańskiej, po drugie – w tekście przedstawione zostaną propozycje poszerzające obecne w nurcie postkrytycznym ograniczenia, prowadzące do zastąpienia krytycznej naukowości afirmacją codziennych afektów czytelniczych. Postulaty odrzucenia krytyki podejrzliwej, formułowane m.in. przez Ritę Felski, akcentują elitarny charakter czytania, którego celem ma być odsłonięcie ekonomiczno-politycznego uwikłania tekstu jako wytworu historycznej rzeczywistości. Centralna dla badań kulturowych nieufność wobec powierzchni tekstu i iluzji estetycznej autonomii, wyniosła postawę krytyczną do rangi działania rewelatorskiego i uprzywilejowanego. Przeciwnicy i przeciwniczki demaskatorskiej krytyki podkreślają jej ograniczenia – demaskacja odsłania ostateczne źródło każdej produkcji kulturowej – logikę kapitału, której totalność nie pozostawia szans na zmianę. W obronie zmiany i w nadziei na przywrócenie literaturze powszechnego zainteresowania, pojawiają się tendencje przywracające indywidualne doświadczenie lektury, którego podstawą ma być estetyczna przyjemność, uwolniona od kontekstu historycznego i jego determinant. W niniejszym tekście wskazane zostaną przykłady takich tendencji, jak również ich konsekwencje, wynikające z uwznioślenia i uniwersalizowania nieprofesjonalnego czytania. Odrzucenie politycznego zadania krytyki prowadzi do zakwestionowania jej antysystemowego potencjału, z kolei apoteoza podejrzliwości paraliżuje wymiar postulatywny. Dlatego w ostatniej części tekstu proponuję wyjście poza opozycyjne konceptualizacje w kierunku krytyki umiejscowionej i materialnej, której modelem czynię kategorię wiedzy podporządkowanej.
EN
The goal of this essay is twofold: firstly, it is a description a post-critical tendency within the contemporary, Anglo-American humanities; secondly, it presents propositions which broaden the boundaries current in the post-critical current, which lead to the replacement of critical sci-entificity with an affirmation of everyday readerly affects. The claims regarding the rejection of a criticism based on suspicion, formulated by, among others, Rita Felski, accentuate the elite character of reading, the goal of which is the unveiling of the economico- political entan-glement of the text as a product of historical reality. The distrust towards the surface of the text and the illusion of aesthetic autonomy, central for cultural studies, raised the critical atti-tude to the rank of an activity that is revelatory and privileged. The opponents of an unmask-ing criticism underline its limitations-unmasking reveals the ultimate source of every cultural production, the logic of capitalism, the total character of which leaves no chance for change. In defense of change, and in the hope of restoring to literature a widespread interest, there appear tendencies which bring back the individual experience of reading, the basis of which is to be aesthetic pleasure, freed from the historical context and its determinants. In the article, examples of such tendencies will be pointed out, as also will be their consequences caused by the elevation and universalisation of non-professional reading. The rejection of the political task of criticism leads to the questioning of its anti-systemic potential; in turn, the apotheosis of suspicion paralyses the postulative dimension of criticism. For this reason, in the last part of the essay, I propose going beyond oppositional con ceptualisations in the direction of a criti-cism that is situated and material, and whose model, in my rendering, is subordi nated knowledge.
EN
The article attempts to read the metaphor of the statue in Michel Serres’ philosophical discourse. Sculpture understood in the broad sense, as Serres proposes in Statues: The Second Book of Foundations, enables him to trace a whole array of concepts in western thought, and to make the statue itself a model of new cognition, extending beyond binary oppositions and open to unpredictability and a lack of continuity. For Serres a statue also offers the possibility to cross the boundaries of science and the humanities, and consequently to become, at the same time, both a critical and utopian figure.
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2018
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vol. 12
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issue 2
41-58
EN
The article shows literary and documentary presentations of the first years of building Nowa Huta in the context of the avant-garde gesture of blurring the traces of the past and attempting at establishing a completely new beginning. Another equally important goal is to show how Nowa Huta, a model city of socialist visions, was organized by the dialectic of materialization and dematerialization which governed both the rhetoric of architectural visions and descriptions of human – especially women’s – corporeality. The author combines idealized (and therefore immaterial) approach whose ideological senses are projected onto the architecture of a utopian city with the socialistic approach to the body as a precisely shaped form whose biological and generally material qualities are disciplined. The author describes a few attempts of bodily disobedience to the dictate of the form, exposing the gap between postulated construction plans and the reality of everyday life entangled in the materiality of architecture and the biological nature of the body.
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2018
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vol. 12
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issue 2
167-180
EN
The article is an extensive review of Joseph North’s book Literary Criticism: A Concise Political History. The author divides the 20th and 21st century literary studies into two orientations: critics and researchers, showing that the domination of the research perspective from the 80s led to a paradoxical depoliticization of criticism and deprivation of its intervention potential. To restore the critical potential, North postulates a return to materialistic aesthetics under the sign of I.A. Richards, which allows him to cross the research horizon in a gesture of intervention into a common reality, justified by a specific aesthetic experience.
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2018
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vol. 11
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issue 1
191-200
EN
The article is an attempt at providing an interpretation of Natalia Malek’s work Kord in the context of sculpture and materiality. Starting from outlining a definition of a sculpture as a situation and a meeting, the author tries to demonstrate how a poetical language stages the sculptural, departing from the tradition of concrete poetry in favour of openness and potentiality of a poem. The essential contexts for the following argument are both elements of the study of objects and the feminist approach to corporality, which stimulate thinking in terms of the matter and materiality and enable us to interpret Malek’s project as addressing dualisms of Western metaphysics, as well as calling for a different type of reading. The category of “material vision” (de Man) is for the author of the article a point of departure, however, in result, it turns out to be insufficient and gives way to the project of reading understood as a “sculptural situation”.
EN
In queer studies, both socially- and literature-oriented, theatrical metaphors are used to formulate ontological and epistemological research basis and its object. According to Judith Butler’s gender theory, performance and performativity are the basic concepts regarding a constructive understanding of identity. On that account, this article presents different uses of theatrical vocabulary, ranging form Judith Bulter’s differentiation between “performance” and “performativity”, to Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s project of “reparative performance”, which goes far beyond Butler’s exclusion of artistic context.
PL
W społecznych i literaturoznawczych teoriach queerowych metaforyka teatralna określa ontologiczne i epistemologiczne podstawy badawcze oraz ich przedmioty. W źródłowej dla badań teorii płci Judith Butler performans i performatywność funkcjonują jako centralne pojęcia konstruktywistycznego rozumienia tożsamości. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przyjrzenie się przemianom, jakim podlegają w zróżnicowanych dyskursach queer studies konteksty i słowniki teatralne. Główną osią są queerowe praktyki interpretacji tekstów kultury, których ewolucja ukazuje emancypacyjną i wspólnotową funkcję teatralizacji języków teoretycznych, pozwalających na wykorzystanie scenicznej estetyki do lektur afektywnych i naprawczych.
EN
The paper reviews the meanings attached to the notion of “materiality” by literary criticism since 1990s. These meanings depend on several essential philosophical tendencies: poststructuralism, critical social theories, and posthumanism, which has a significant influence on critical-literary conceptualizations of “materiality”. The paper analyzes specific examples, mostly from critical-literary texts about contemporary Polish prose in order to show how “materiality” affects different types of critical commentary, including especially the possibilities and limitations of review.
PL
Artykuł jest przeglądem znaczeń, jakie pojęciu „materialności” nadawała (od lat 90.) i nadaje krytyka literacka. Znaczenia te, jak staram się pokazać, uzależnione są od wpływów kilku zasadniczych tendencji filozoficznych: postrukturalizmu, krytycznych teorii społecznych i posthumanizmu, co znacząco wpływa na krytycznoliterackie użycia pojęcia „materialność”. W artykule analizuję konkretne przykłady tych użyć, zaczerpnięte przede wszystkim z krytycznoliterackich wypowiedzi o najnowszej polskiej prozie, by ukazać, jak „materialność” wpływa na typ komentarzy krytycznych, w tym zwłaszcza na możliwości i ograniczenia recenzji.
PL
‘MORE LIFE’. AGATA BIELIK-ROBSON’S PROJECT OF MESSIANIC VITALISM This text is a review of the latest book by Agata Bielik-Robson as seen in the context of all her intellectual projects. The authors point to a significant shift of Bielik-Robson’s interest which leads her toward the reinterpretation of the texts of Jewish philosophers who represent messianic vitalism. The reviewers also try to present what for Bielik-Robson is the main opposition between Eros and Thanatos and explain what Erros is – the third way which is proposed by the philosopher as an alternative for the subject defined by the tragedy of existence. The authors of the review also point in a slightly polemical mode to the philosophical contexts only marginally presented in the book (mainly Vattimo’s pensiero debole) which need to be defined more precisely but are sometimes deliberately ignored by the author.
15
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Konstelacje krytyczne

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EN
This article’s objective is to apply the astronomical metaphor of the constellation to the study of literary critique. Departing from Walter Benjamin’s concepts that have been instrumental to the status of the “constellation” as a concept, and using this metaphor to reflect upon the study of history through Adorno’s revisions that usher the constellation into aesthetic studies, as well as the constellational model of reading proposed by Renée R. Trilling, and historical methods for applying this metaphor to Polish critical studies, this essay attempts to introduce the constellation as a means for grasping literary critique without deferring to totalizing and monolithic classification systems. The article demonstrates that the “critical constellation” allows us to yield a certain autonomy for critical discourses by simultaneously revealing their relativity and their multidimensional entanglements with the conditions of the literary field (including the present moment of the scholar). The article proposes the constellation model for studying literary critique.
PL
Celem artykułu jest wykorzystanie astronomicznej metafory konstelacji do badania krytyki literackiej. Wychodząc od kluczowych dla statusu pojęcia „konstelacji” ustaleń Waltera Benjamina, używającego tej metafory do refleksji o badaniu historii, poprzez Adorniańskie korekty sytuujące konstelację w polu badań estetycznych i proponowany przez Renée R. Trilling konstelacyjny model lektury, a także sposoby dotychczasowego wykorzystywania tej metafory w polskich badaniach nad krytyką, niniejszy szkic zmierza do ukazania konstelacji jako sposobu ujmowania krytyki literackiej bez totalizujących, ujednolicających klasyfikacji. Pokazuje, że „konstelacja krytyczna” pozwala na wydobycie jednostkowości dyskursów krytycznych, przy jednoczesnym odsłonięciu ich relacyjności i wielowymiarowego uwikłania w warunki pola literackiego (ze współczesnością ich badacza włącznie). Proponuje konstelacyjny model badania krytyki literackiej.
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