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Boredom and its typologies

100%
Chruszczewski M. H.
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
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2020
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vol. 17
|
issue 1
235-249
EN
Boredom is a very interesting issue that persists in our contemporary day and age. It is not easy to define it in a positive sense (by listing its properties, which constitute a presence of something, rather than a lack of something), as it has vastly differentiated causes and symptoms. The paper presents a variety of types of boredom identified from various points of view in the humanities and social sciences. According to the author, two of these typologies are particularly convincing. The first introduces the division into the state and a trait of boredom, while the latter – describing only the state of boredom in terms of arousal and affect – postulates the existence of neutral, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic boredom. These typologies have been juxtaposed with others, with their similarities and differences identified and indicated.
2
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Nuda i jej typologie

100%
Chruszczewski M. H.
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
|
2020
|
vol. 17
|
issue 1
219-233
EN
Boredom is a very interesting issue that persists in our contemporary day and age. It is not easy to define it in a positive sense (by listing its properties, which constitute a presence of something, rather than a lack of something), as it has vastly differentiated causes and symptoms. The paper presents a variety of types of boredom identified from various points of view in the humanities and social sciences. According to the author, two of these typologies are particularly convincing. The first introduces the division into the state and a trait of boredom, while the latter – describing only the state of boredom in terms of arousal and affect – postulates the existence of neutral, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic boredom. These typologies have been juxtaposed with others, with their similarities and differences identified and indicated.
3

Biopsychology of creativity

100%
Chruszczewski M. H.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
|
2014
|
vol. 29
49-69
EN
However interesting, the knowledge about the biopsychological determinants of human creative activity is not well known in the general psychology. The paper aims to present that knowledge, including its historical progress. Therefore the results of both older psychophysiological studies, especially electroencephalographic, as well as newer, dealing with different methods of neuroimaging, and also the newest, conducted within the paradigm of behavioral genetics, were described. Showing empirical results is associated with the attempts to interpreting them; the reported interpretations are made by the original authors or are made by the author of the article. Explanations are mainly focused on the phenomenon of decreased cognitive inhibition, situational decreasing of the cortical arousal in the creative persons during the inspiration period and the integrative activity imposed by the prefrontal cortex. The paper is closed with two proposed theoretical syntheses (first by Eysenck, the second by Heilman) presented with the accompanying comparative commentary.
PL
Biopsychologiczne uwarunkowania twórczej aktywności człowieka to wiedza interesująca, acz mało znana na gruncie psychologii ogólnej. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie jej, z ukazaniem historycznego rozwoju dziedziny. Omawiane są zatem tak wyniki dawniejszych badań psychofizjologicznych, głównie elektroencefalograficznych, jak i nowszych, prowadzonych różnymi metodami neuroobrazowania oraz najnowszych, realizowanych w paradygmacie genetyki zachowania. Przedstawieniu ważniejszych wyników towarzyszą próby ich interpretacji tak referowane za badaczami tematyki, jak i niekiedy własne. Interpretacje te koncentrują się przede wszystkim na zjawisku osłabionego hamowania poznawczego, sytuacyjnym obniżeniu pobudzenia korowego u osób twórczych w okresie inspiracji oraz integrującej aktywności kory przedczołowej. Artykuł zamykają dwie propozycje syntez teoretycznych (autorstwa Eysencka oraz Heilmana) wraz z porównującym je komentarzem.
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