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1

THE INFLUENCE OF ANXIETY AND RUMINATION ON COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS IN DEPRESSION

100%
Brzezicka-Rotkiewicz A.
Psychological Studies
|
2007
|
vol. 45
|
issue 1
33-42
EN
The study aimed at evaluating the role of anxiety and ruminations in creating cognitive dysfunctions in depressive states. A working memory test was used as an indicator of cognitive functioning and the intensity of depression, anxiety and rumination were measured by questionnaires. The data were analyzed in time accuracy function (TAF) paradigm, which allows for carefully examination of information processing. Series of hierarchical regression analyses showed that both anxiety and ruminations are mostly related to chronometrical aspects of information processing, but in different manners. The ruminations stand for differences between depressed and controls in time needed to start processing the information effectively (the parameter A in TAF), and anxiety for differences in rate of processing (the parameter B in TAF). The results showed that anxiety and ruminations have different impact on cognitive distortions in depression. Ruminations seem to affect the available resources mainly, while anxiety impairs the ability to coordinate the ongoing information possessing.
2

THE COMPARISON OF COGNITIVE LIMITATIONS IN WORKING MEMORY IN DEPRESSION AND OLD AGE: A REVIEW AND CONCLUSIONS FROM OWN RESEARCH

63%
Brzezicka-Rotkiewicz A., Sedek G.
Psychological Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1
63-74
EN
This paper presents the analyses of limitations in working memory functions among older adults in comparison to depressed students and to appropriate control participants. The first part reviews the newest findings from the neuroimaging studies on working memory among depressed and older adults. These studies showed some interesting similarities in activation of brain regions involved in working memory functioning and its specific pattern in either depressed or elder persons. The next part presents the reanalysis of the performance of more or less complex working memory tasks by depressed and older adults. In these reanalyses the authors applied the Brinley plots for comparing results from different populations and from tasks of varied difficulty. After reviewing research findings they suggest that both old age and depression may limit the working memory functioning, but the mechanisms of these limitations are different in each group.
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