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EN
Families of children with chronic illness experience persistent stress. Facing the diagnosis and learning how to cope with it is a stressful experience not only for the child but also for the parents and for the whole family. The illness, with its unpredictability and treatment, disturbs their daily routine and threatens the whole family system. Parental involvement in the child’s disease management and their emotional support are crucial for effective coping and adaptation to the child’s chronic illness. The aim of this article is to present the importance of the parental role in these families through theoretical findings of the relational family model.
PL
Bardzo wczesne dzieciństwo, uraz relacyjny może prowadzić do dysregulacji w dwóch kierunkach: podczas gdy intensywny strach determinuje dysregulację układu mózgowego odpowiedzialnego za ucieczkę, niekontrolowana agresja oznacza dysregulację ośrodka mózgowego odpowiedzialnego za walkę. Oba systemy wysyłają komunikat o dysregulacji w autonomicznym układzie nerwowym. W obu przypadkach dochodzi do dysregulacji pobudzenia współczulnego, które przekracza zdolność jednostki do radzenia sobie ze stresem w sposób funkcjonalny i efektywny. Innymi słowy, reakcja lotna jest wywoływana przez ogromny strach, a reakcja bojowa jest spowodowana intensywnym gniewem i wściekłością, która jest funkcjonalna w normalnej reakcji na uraz, podczas gdy w przypadku nieuregulowanego systemu psycho-organicznego wskazuje na zaburzenie, które może mieć długoterminowe konsekwencje. Zaburzenia te mogą wystąpić już na bardzo wczesnym etapie, u dzieci, które są narażone na poważne sytuacje stresowe; może to prowadzić do zmian w systemie neurobiologicznym dziecka, który później może stać się źródłem psychopatologii.
EN
Very early in childhood, relational trauma can lead to affect dysregulation in two directions: while intense fear determines the dysregulation of the brain system responsible for flight, uncontrolled aggression means the dysregulation of the brain centre responsible for fight. Both systems send the message of dysregulation in the autonomic nervous system. In both cases, there is a dysregulation of sympathetic arousal that exceeds the individual’s ability to cope with stress in a functional and effective manner. In other words, the flight response is triggered by immense fear, and the fight response is caused by intense anger and rage, which is functional in a normal response to trauma, while in the case of a dysregulated psycho-organic system it indicates a disorder that can have long-term consequences. These disorders can occur at a very early stage, in children who are at the time exposed to severe stress situations; this can lead to changes in the child’s neurobiological system, which may later become a source of psychopathology.
PL
Traumatic experiences are very important for the psycho-organic regulation of an individual. These experiences can very profoundly mark an individual, especially if they happened in childhood. They can be very disruptive and they scream for healing. In this process of healing spirituality plays a crucial role. Religiousness and sacramental life can be an essential regulatory system in the establishment of a functional psycho–organic response and spiritual life.
PL
Children who are victims of an early violent atmosphere or early relational trauma will often, even in adulthood, tend to behave violently towards others, or become victims of violence, or freeze and later develop the tendency towards self-injury, in particular in later adolescence. In adulthood, they can be accident-prone, engage in constant violent physical abuse, threaten with or actually commit suicide. In this article we will focus on the impact of violence that children experience from the earliest age, on how it affects their development, and is transmitted to adulthood as well as to younger generations, since violence is imprinted in the deepest organic fibres of every individual.
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