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PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza i identyfikacja kluczowych czynników wpływających na rozwój regionalny Polski. Jako metodę badawczą wykorzystano analizę czynnikową. Badania wykazały, że w analizie porównawczej regionów najważniejszą rolę odgrywa efek-tywność i innowacyjność przemysłu, działalność badawczo-rozwojowa, infrastruktura techniczna oraz warunki pracy i produkcja rolnicza. Poziom nasycenia poszczególnymi determinantami w województwach jest jednak zróżnicowany. Przeprowadzona analiza może być podstawą dalszych badań regionalnych.
EN
The purpose of the paper is to analyse and identify the key factors affecting the Polish re-gional development. The factor analysis is used as the research method. Studies have shown that the most important factors in the comparative analysis of regions are efficiency and innovation of industry, research and development, technical infrastructure, the working environment and agricultural production. However, importance of particular determinants is different in various regions. The analysis can be the basis for further research on regional development.
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EN
The paper sets out to evaluate the innovativeness of European Union member states and determine Poland’s standing in a league table of EU economies in terms of innovation. The analysis is based on innovation indices reported by the European Commission, specifically the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) for 2004-2008 and the Summary Innovation Index (SII). The author determines the innovation scores of individual countries by calculating a 2004-2008 summary innovation index for EU members using a method based on Z. Hellwig’s development model.The results are compared against those quoted in European Commission reports. The research showed that both the method proposed by the European Commission and the Hellwig development model can be used to measure innovation in EU countries, Stec says. This is confirmed by a high level of correlation between the results as reflected by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The author compares Poland with other EU economies in terms of innovation. This comparison reveals that the Polish economy is still at an early stage of innovation, Stec says. In the EIS, Poland was classified among catching-up economies, and in Hellwig’s method it was grouped together with countries with a low level of innovation. The author also analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the Polish economy in terms of innovation.
EN
The article compares European Union countries in terms of socioeconomic development and determines Poland’s position in the league table. The author uses 29 statistical indicators characterizing different aspects of socioeconomic development in EU countries. The league table was compiled using various multidimensional comparative analysis methods in accordance with a development model proposed by Z. Hellwig. Poland ranks far behind other EU countries in the league table, 23rd or 24th depending on the adopted analysis method. Poland ranks among the top 10 EU countries only in five socioeconomic indicators. Poland’s main advantages include an unpolluted environment, a well-developed higher education system and high-quality farm produce, Stec says. The country’s weaknesses, on the other hand, include a low GDP per capita level, high unemployment, and the need to export hi-tech products. Among the countries that joined the EU together with Poland in May 2004, the Czech Republic, Malta, Slovenia, Hungary, Estonia and Lithuania rank much higher than Poland in the league table.
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