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Him, her, sex and the Polish language

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Szpyra-Kozlowska J., Karwatowska M.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2004
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vol. 39
133-155
EN
The aim of the paper is to examine whether different social standards concerning the sexual behavior of men and women find their reflection in the Polish language, its vocabulary, phraseology and proverbs. The topic is discussed in several sections devoted to the issues of virginity, promiscuity, sexual intercourse, marriage, spinsterhood and bachelorhood, faithfulness and betrayal, prostitution as well as sexual minorities. We demonstrate that in the overwhelming majority of cases Polish women are represented as sex objects whose virginity, faithfulness and the state of being married are highly valued while promiscuity, prostitution and spinsterhood are subject of contempt. None of these factors are relevant in the linguistic attitudes towards men, who are ridiculed only as cuckolded husbands and homosexuals. We present a list of words and longer expressions whose meaning is different when these terms are applied to men and women; only in the latter, but not in the former cases suggestions of promiscuity and immorality can always be found.
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The issue of sexism in Polish linguistic thinking

100%
Szpyra-Kozlowska J., Karwatowska M.
Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej
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2004
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vol. 39
111-132
EN
The paper deals with the ways in which the problem of linguistic sexism, deeply rooted and richly represented in the Polish language, has been approached in the relevant linguistic studies. It presents and discusses five major views on this issue: ignoring the problem, reporting it without any evaluative judgements, accepting it as a positive phenomenon, as well as two critical approaches: one which examines the structure of Polish in order to point out the areas of linguistic discrimination of women and the most radical attitude, represented by the so-called feminist linguistics, which aims not only at criticizing linguistic sexism, but which also tries to eliminate it from language. The authors demonstrate that while the latter two views prevail in current linguistic thinking in western countries, the former three approaches appear to dominate in the majority of contemporary studies of Polish.
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