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The article analyses the part of Aristotle’s Metaphysics, which deals with the Plato’s idealistic theory of numbers.  In the first six sections it describes and defines a few basic concepts of mathematics, in the seventh section it clarifies Aristotle’s opinion on the possible philosophical attitudes toward the nature of numbers. The next sections are devoted to logical analysis of Aristotle’s reasoning in refuting the Plato’s theory of numbers. The article ends with a short conclusion, where is indicated a possible connection between proposals of Aristotle and foundations of Kantian philosophy.
PL
The Hermetic View of Salvation. Lodovico Lazzarelli (1447–1500) on the Background of the Culture of the Italian RenaissanceThe paper presents the doctrine and the views of the great Renaissance hermeticist, Lodovico Lazzarelli. Initially discussed is the relationship which bound him to his teacher and guide, Mercurio da Correggio, as described by Lazzarelli in his Epistola Enoch. Next, the paper looks at the nature and origins of hermetism, the definition of the term “hermetic” and the ongoing discussion around it. The history of the reception of Hermetica in the Renaissance and the place of Lodovico Lazzarelli within it are reconstructed in the latter half of the first part of the paper. The second part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of the main work of Lazzarelli, Crater Hermetis. The main theme of the treatise is the hermetic way of salvation. This way consists of the following stages: the knowledge of God, the knowledge of self and its own divine nature, purifying contemplation, the transforming love of God, and finally, the creation of God (the famous theme from Asclepius). The article ends with a discussion of Lazzarelli’s attempts to reconcile his doctrine with Christian orthodoxy.
PL
Plutarch and the practical dimension of his oeuvre: bonae litterae of Erasmus of Rotterdam The present essay aims to study the peculiarities of Plutarch’s impact on the works of Erasmus of Rotterdam, and the importance of the Cheronean for the Erasmian concept of bonae litterae. The paper starts by tracing the origins and character of Erasmus’ acquaintance with Plutarch’s writings, then it emphasizes Erasmus’ regard for the moral aspect of the Cheronean legacy and the privileged position of the Greek moralist within Erasmian thought.
EN
The recent studies on the relations between humanism or humanists and jurisprudence convince that Reneaissance, especially in XVIth century, when the national states began to raise, belonged to the periods of increased interest in the issue of law. Although Erasmus was not a layer, nor he introduced in any of his works a complete theory of law, he maintained close relations with many leading theoreticians of the law and jurists (Alciati, Budé, Cantiuncula, Zasius) and sometimes spoke in the legal discussions of his age. Among hist most important works concerning the matter of law were: Institutio principis Christiani, Ratio seu Methodus verae theologiae, Christiani matrimonii institutio, De interdicto esu carnium and Ecclesiastes. In the paper I’m going to concentrate on this latter work, in which Erasmus discusses the significance of preaching, preacher and widely understood Christian rhetoric. In the Ecclesiastes Erasmus touches the law subject with the special emphasis on historical character of law and relations between the divine law, the law of Christ and the law of Nature. After a short discussion about his understaning of law I will concentrate on the essential differentiation between the letter of law and the spirit of law, and I will point at proposed by Erasmus ways of introduction of law into human life. Erasmus, on the one hand, escaped a rigidity and abstraction of law and, on the other, he neutralised an aspect of the coercion of law. In his solution Erasmus appreciated the political dimension of preaching and acknowledged preacher as a more important guide of the people, than ruler. I’m going to interpret the Erasmian concept of preaching as an rhetorical mean of introduction of law in analogical way to “introduction” proposed by Plato in his Nomoi.
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