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Pamiętnik Literacki
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2012
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vol. 103
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issue 3
53-84
EN
The article presents and analyzes the postwar critical and scholarly activity of the Polish émigré critic Tymon Terlecki, who represented the trend in literary criticism known as personalism. Including journalistic writings, reviews, articles, essays, and books, his rich critical output of the postwar years addressed the issues ranging from the responsibilities of Polish writers in exile, the idea of literature committed to moral and political matters, the poetic works of Kazimierz Wierzynski and Stanislaw Wyspianski, to personalistic literary criticism and Christian existentialism. In literature Terlecki saw “a special manifestation of human personality“ and this idea, pervading almost all of his critical and scholarly writings, constitutes the main subject of analysis in the article.
EN
The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 1. In the article a reflection is proposed on literature’s inner problems concentrated around the concept of literary convention. It seems that in the postmodernist demands to give more attention to those voices in literature that up till now have been “muffled,” “passed over” and “oppressed,” the meaning of the concept of “convention” has been distorted. However, its proper understanding is as elementary for the existence and development of literature as treating a literary work as an artificially organized form, and not as the writer’s confession. The author of the article, on the basis of the definitions formulated by the formalist-structuralist school, discusses the inner, aesthetic laws of literature dictated and defined by literary convention and tradition, and he indicates that it is them – more than political, social or moral causes—that in the natural process of creation and development of literature cause that some voices, perhaps, cannot be fully heard.
EN
During his first years in exile Czesław Miłosz, the author best known for his book The Captive Mind at the time, did not only play the role of a political writer, the role he repudi-ated, and did not only comment on the sole subject of communism or literature subjugated to it – he also wrote on many other, strictly internal, problems of literature. Most notable were included in his expert opinions on postwar Polish poetry, as he expressed them from both the standpoint of a keen observer and an important contributor. The present article is an analysis of Miłosz’s views on postwar Polish poetry, which he put forward in his numerous essays, ar-ticles, and book reviews published in the 1950s, the first years of his emigration.
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