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Archeologia w działalności Towarzystwa Przyrodniczego w Gdańsku i jego prekursorzy

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Pomorania Antiqua

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2021

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vol. Tom XXX

s. 243-254

EN

Archaeological research in Gdańsk Pomerania began in the 1840s. These were the works of Ernst Förstemann and his students Wilhelm Mannhardt and Ernst Strehlke. In 1872 an anthropological section was established at the Nature Society in Gdańsk. The long-time chairman of the section and many amateur archaeologists conducted a lot of archaeological excavations in the former province of West Prussia until the end of the 19th century. The article focuses on the activities of these archaeologists, highlighting the unique role of Dr Abraham Lissauer. He was undoubtedly a leading figure among Gdańsk archaeologists in the second half of the 19th century.

2

Wyniki prac wykopaliskowych na cmentarzysku w Odrach, gm. Czersk, woj. pomorskie w latach 1995-2003

100%

Grabarczyk T., Instytut Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2007

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vol. 25

DE

In den Jahren 1995-2003 wurden die Gräber zwischen Hügel 23 und 24 untersucht, die alle in eine Belcgungsphasc (Stufe B2/Cl-Cla) datiert werden, worauf nicht nur die Ausstattung, sondern auch die Grabkonstruktion hinweist. Alle Körperbestattungen waren mit zahlreichen eratischen Steinen versehen, die während der Beisetzung in Grabgruben deponiert wurden.

3

Próba periodyzacji kultury wielbarskiej na Pomorzu

100%

Grabarczyk T., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1985

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vol. 7

4

Osadnictwo pradziejowe wyspy czerskiej

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1992

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vol. 17

EN

Primaeval settlement in the area of Czersk in the northern part of Tuchola Forests began in mesolythic period. Traces of neolitic cultures are scare as for example the biggest of them the culture of funnel-shaped caps. Also Lusatian culture is very sporadic and only Pomeranian culture is rich represented especially by box graves. Directly after the Pomeranian culture the Wielbark culture appeared the classical representative of which is the cemetery with stone circles in Odry. This is the last of the primaeval cultures of this region. It is stressed that the settlement and the type of husbandry were very much dependent on the difficult ecological conditions specially in this region.

5

Działalność archeologiczna Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu w Borach Tucholskich do 1914

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1992

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vol. 16

EN

In the first years following its foundation in 1875, the Toruń Scientific Society was archaeologically very active within the Tuchola Forests. In this early period, particularly great services were rendered by Godfryd Ossowski who in 1876-1878 examined a number of cemeteries. Later, this activity was reduced though in the early 20th century a priest, Kazimierz Chmielecki, still showed certain interest in these problems. After World War I the Society virtually ceased to take interest in archaeology.

6

Osadnictwo pradziejowe Wysoczyzny świeckiej

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1994

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vol. 18

EN

The actual state of research on this mezoregion is presented and special attention paid to the reconstruction of the natural environment by means of paleobotanical methods. The earliest traces of human occupation date there from the close of the Middle Stone Age (Mesolithic), followed by absence of any occupation. Next settlements did not occur until the Bronze Age. The settlement of the Pomeranian culture is the best recognized (32 cemeteries). Archaeological finds as well as the evidence of pollen diagrams suggest that econological conditions during the Bronze Age were particularly favourable for stock breeding and less for farming. In the Roman period the two ways of procuring food became equal in proportion. The area of the Świecie Upland was „retarded” in cultural development since certain prehistoric cultures, notably the Chojnice-Pieńki and perhaps also the Pomeranian culture could have survived there longer than it is generally accepted. Due to inadequate penetration of the mezoregion in question, the picture of prehistoric community is, however, far from being full.

7

Badania archeologiczne w Hiszpanii

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 19

8

Z działalności studenckiego ruchu naukowego

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 19

9

Badania nad epoką brązu i wczesną epoką żelaza

100%

Grabarczyk T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 19

10

Broń strzelcza piechoty zaciężnej w latach 1471-1500

100%

Grabarczyk T., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. H.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

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2000

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vol. 67

EN

Registers of the mercenary infantry give many information about types of weapon and its quality. In Warsaw archive we have rolls from 1471, 1477 and 1496-1500 with information about 7000 mercenaries. In rolls we meet different descriptions of quality of crossbows like: good, bed, new, old, used, repaired. We can clasify about 47% of crossbows as bed, basing on the sources from 1471 and 1477, which contain all these terms. In 1496 we have 14%, and in 1498 - 22% bad or old crossbows. Registers give also information about different types of crossbows used by soldiers. They had crossbows with two kinds of bow - horn or steel. Only two from 597 mercenaries had this last type in 1496, similary in 1498, 9 from 725 crossbowmen possesed steel bows. Soldiers used three types of bend mechanism. The oldest one hed the bow-string stretched by hook fastened to soldier’s belt. This type is named kryg in Polish sources. Second kind of belt mechanism is goat’s foot called hewar in medieval Poland (from word „lewar” - lever). Drawing mechanism, which we know as cranequin or windelass appeared in sources as klyky (from Czech word klika - crank) and this is the third kind of mechanism. All these three different kinds of drawing mechanism could be used by soldiers of the one troop at the same time. Second typ of shooting weapon was bow. This kind of arms was unpopular among mercenaries in end of XV c. Only two soldiers used bows. First bow we meet in 1498 (it is 1 from 725 shooters). Second men with bow appeared in 1500 (rolls from this year mention 1 bowmen among 72 crossbowmen).

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Ręczna broń palna w świetle rejestrów popisowych piechoty zaciężnej z lat 1471-1500

100%

Grabarczyk T., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. H.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

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1999

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vol. 64

EN

First mentions concerning handfirearms in Poland are dated from 1410. The oldest type of such weapon, found in Lwow, is dated from the first half of the XVth century. Mercenary infantry played an important part in popularization of handfirearms. Armament of mercenary infantry is known thanks to registers of the troops (from 1471, 1477, 1496, 1498, 1497, 1500) which are preserved. Comparing to other armies, schooters played an important part in Polish infantry. On the average 75% of all infantrymen were schooters. In 1471 and in 1477 infantry schooters were armed with swords and first of all with crossbows. Only 16 among 2000 schooters had firearms that time. The registers from 1496-1500 show growing popularity of handfirearms among mercenary infantry troops. In 1496 27,1% of schooters were armed with firearms, in 1497 - 54%, in 1498 - 60%, in 1500 - almost 63%. Thanks to the registers a process of rapid weapon exchange can be observed. Descriptions of battles from the early XVIл century show us that using of firearms had a serous influence on struggle’s final result. It happened so for example during battles of Kiecko (1506), Orsza (1514) and Obertyn (1531), where infantry was armed like the troops mentioned in the registers. Basing on the registers, we can say that professional mercenary soldiers prefered handfirearms to crossbows, considering them to be more efficient.

12

Występowanie i zastosowanie zbroi płytowej białej w drugiej połowie XV w.

100%

Grabarczyk T., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. H.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

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1994

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vol. 50

PL

Wydanie publikacji dofinansowane przez Komitet Badań Naukowych

EN

The clad of plate was the culminant achievment in sphere of protective armaments in the Middle Ages. It was invented in Italy at the beginning of the 15th century. It quickly appeared in Poland. We think so because we can see it hewn out on the tombstone of Wierzbięta from Branice. This tombstone bears a date on 1425. This kind of armament occured comparatively often on the Polish territory in the latter part of the 15th century. Both iconographie and written sources testify to that. The registers of mercenary army units, drown up from 1471 to 1500, are one of the most valuable written sources. In this article the author analysed 7 registers of that kind. We can notice connexions bettween offensive and protective armaments on the ground of that. In period 1471-1474 there were organized some mercenary squads for armed fighting with the king of Hungary - Maciej the Korwin. Hungarians adhered to West-European style of fighting and that’s why these Polish mercenary squads consisted, in the greater part, of spearmen equiped with the clads of plate. They composed about 21-25% of mercenaries. The panoplies were the majority of the spearmen equipment.

13

Życiorys naukowy profesora Jerzego Kmiecińskiego

100%

Grabarczyk T., Instytut Archeologii U. Ł.

Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

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2012

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vol. 11

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issue 1

14

Tekst laudacji wygłoszonej w dniu 4 czerwca 2012 r. z okazji odnowienia doktoratu Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego profesora Jerzego Kmiecińskiego

100%

Grabarczyk T., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. A.

Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

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2012

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vol. 11

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issue 1

15

Alexander Treichel (1837–1901) – zapomniany etnograf z pogranicza Kaszub i Kociewia

100%

Grabarczyk T., Uniwersytet Łódzki I. A.

Zeszyty Wiejskie

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2016

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vol. 22

EN

Alexander Treichel was mostly known as an amateur archaeologist. His truest passion was to portray customs of Pomerelian autochthons in 19th century. Having graduated from law and economic studies in Berlin, he decided to return to Pomerelia so as to inherit and run his parents manor in Wilcze Błota near Stara Kiszewa. Throughout the years, he was wandering around the villages around Kościerzyna, in which he wrote down pieces of the Pomerelian folklore sung and told by local housewives. He shared knowledge of local customs gained during these journeys at sessions of the Berlin Society for Anthropology and the Danzig Research Society. Fortunately, glass negatives depicting Treichel himself, as well as scenes of rural everyday life, including field works, preserved the whirlwind of history. Unfortunately, however, his scientific output remains to await discovery.

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Humanista gdański Wilhelm Mannhardt – bibliotekarz i archeolog

63%

Binkowska D., Grabarczyk T.

Pomorania Antiqua

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2016

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vol. Tom XXV

s. 275-285

EN

The article presents the figure of Wilhelm Mannhardt, one of the greatest Gdańsk humanists in the 19th century. The authors draw attention to his activity in the Library of the City of Gdańsk in the years 1863-1873 and his interest in archaeology. Attention is also paid to the position of the Gdańsk Library at that time and the writing work of the main character, which was associated with his passion – the Germanic mythology and the broader sense literature, mainly poetry. His archaeological contacts date back to the years of secondary school and involve the cooperation with Ernst Förstemann. He participated in excavations conducted in Gdańsk Pomerania, both in the late 1840s and 1850s, as well as after graduation and return to Gdańsk. Then he worked with Abraham Lissauer and anthropological section of the Natural Sciences Society in Gdańsk. He published mainly in Berlin, where he was known in the contemporary scientific world as an eminent expert on the Pomeranian culture canopic jars.

17

Średniowieczny dwór murowany biskupów włocławskich w Ciechocinie nad Drwęcą

63%

Grabarczyk T., Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1987

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vol. 8

DE

Ciechocin an Drwęca, Woiwodschaft Toruń, Hegt auf dom Gebiet der Ziemia Dobrzyńska, im Mittelalter war es ein Grenzdorf zwischen Polen und dem Kreuzrittersta it. Die Geschichte des Ortes reicht bis XIII. Jahrhundert und schon in dieser Zeit war der Ort im Besitz der Bischöfe. Die Forschungen in Ciechocin hatten zum Ziel, den gemauerten Hof der Wfoclawek-Bischöfe kennenzulernen und waren ergänzend im Verhältnis zu den langwierigen Untersuchungen des Lehrstuhls für Archäologie der Univorsität Łódź, die im Schloss in Raciąż boi Ciechocinek, Woiwodschaft Włocławek geführt worden waren. Der Hof war in der bisherigen Literatur wenig notiert. Im Resultat der Terrainuntersuchungen und der Analyse älterer Bearbeitungen wurde fe stges tellt, dass der uns interessierende gemauerte Hof der zweite Bischofss itz auf dom Gebiet von Ciechocin war. Der ers te war eine kle in e Burg von der Holz-ErdekonsUuktion, die am hohen Ufer des Flusses Drwęca lokalisiert war. Das Objekt wurde am Anfang des XV Jahrhunderts zerstört. Der gemauerte Hof in Ciechocin, der die Rollo des Zentrums ein es bedeutenden Bischofsgüterkomplexes erfüllte (er zählte 16 Dörfer), entstand in der II. Hälfte des XIV. Jahrhunderts. Er wurde aus Stein und Ziegel auf dem kurzen, rechteckigen Grundriss von den Ausmassen 12,30X13,70 m. gebaut. Die längeren Wände des Hofes bestimmten angenähert die Richtung Osten — Westen. In den Kellern waren 4 Stuben mit Tonnengewölbe; die Wände waren mit zahlreichen Blonden-Fütlungen verziert. Zur Zeit sind 3 Stuben zugänglich, eine nord-östliche ist mit Schotter bedeckt. Erdgeschossund Stockwerkanordnung war im Prinzip so, w ie der Keller, obwohl diese Meinung

18

Przyczynek do poznania kultury wielbarskiej

63%

Górska B., Grabarczyk T., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1988

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vol. 9

DE

Im Jahre 1984 wurde ein Hügelgrab Nr 26 in Odry geforscht. Unter dem zerstörten Steinkern enthielt es ein Skelettgrab. Darin war eine Frau im Alter von 50-55 Jahren bestattet. Neben den im schlechten Zustand erhaltenen Knochen wurden u.a.. 2 Fibeln mit zweilappiger Rollenkappe aus . Bronze All 38, Bandanhänger aus Bronze, Gürtelanhänger aus Bronze, Bronzefibel AV 7, Bronzenadel, 2 Bronzearmringe und bronzene S-förmige Schliesshaken entdeckt. Das Grab wird in den Anfang der Stufe B2 der römischen Kaiserzeit datiert.

19

Sprawozdanie z badań pałacu w Ostromecku, gm. Dąbrowa Chełmińska, woj. bydgoskie, w 1981 r.

51%

Grabarczyk T., Kajzer L., Walenta K., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1984

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vol. 5

EN

Studies conducted at Ostromecko In 1981 aimed at archaeological verification of the chronology of the "old palace" and examination of the manor Bound. The vast park system houses the So-called old palace with its present form given to it by Saxonlc architect M. D. Pôppelmann (2nd quarter of 18th century), and the so-called new palace erected in 19th century, most probably according to K. Schinkel's design. As there were discovered archival materials from l?th and 18th centuries containing a description of a defensive manor-house melted in the mass of the "old palace" today, it was decided to examine the foundations of the building and its direct environment. Examinations encompassed four excavations with a total area of 22 m . It was discovered that on the northern elevation the access to the foundations is covered by walls coming from 18th century remodellings. On the other hand, on the western elevation there were found cut off remnants of the corner abutment from 16th-l7th century. It was also observed that the palace foundations were uncovered and mended in 18th century. In excavation IV the mound's stratigraphy was examined, and it. was discovered that all older stratifications were removed in 18th century. Scarce historical materials (vessel сегаи1сз, animal bones, tiles, etc.) come from 18th-20th centuries. The studies revealed that remodellings from 18th century and levelling of the mound completely erased the picture of the old foundations.

20

Obronna rezydencja biskupów włocławskich w Subkowach na Pomorzu

51%

Barnycz-Gupieniec R., Grabarczyk T., Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1985

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vol. 7

Refine search results

Archeologia w działalności Towarzystwa Przyrodniczego w Gdańsku i jego prekursorzy

Wyniki prac wykopaliskowych na cmentarzysku w Odrach, gm. Czersk, woj. pomorskie w latach 1995-2003

Próba periodyzacji kultury wielbarskiej na Pomorzu

Osadnictwo pradziejowe wyspy czerskiej

Działalność archeologiczna Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu w Borach Tucholskich do 1914

Osadnictwo pradziejowe Wysoczyzny świeckiej

Badania archeologiczne w Hiszpanii

Z działalności studenckiego ruchu naukowego

Badania nad epoką brązu i wczesną epoką żelaza

Broń strzelcza piechoty zaciężnej w latach 1471-1500

Ręczna broń palna w świetle rejestrów popisowych piechoty zaciężnej z lat 1471-1500

Występowanie i zastosowanie zbroi płytowej białej w drugiej połowie XV w.

Życiorys naukowy profesora Jerzego Kmiecińskiego

Tekst laudacji wygłoszonej w dniu 4 czerwca 2012 r. z okazji odnowienia doktoratu Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego profesora Jerzego Kmiecińskiego

Alexander Treichel (1837–1901) – zapomniany etnograf z pogranicza Kaszub i Kociewia

Humanista gdański Wilhelm Mannhardt – bibliotekarz i archeolog

Średniowieczny dwór murowany biskupów włocławskich w Ciechocinie nad Drwęcą

Przyczynek do poznania kultury wielbarskiej

Sprawozdanie z badań pałacu w Ostromecku, gm. Dąbrowa Chełmińska, woj. bydgoskie, w 1981 r.

Obronna rezydencja biskupów włocławskich w Subkowach na Pomorzu