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Karol Modzelewski

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EN
The article depicts the personage of Karol Modzelewski (1937–2019) the outstanding activist for freedom of Poland, long-term political prisoner, prominent medievalist historian and full member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
PL
Do najbardziej charakterystycznych cech stanu wojennego należało internowanie obywateli na zasadzie swobodnej decyzji władz, a także aresztowanie i skazywanie osób, które naruszyły wprowadzone 13 grudnia 1981 r. drakońskie prawa. Liczba internowanych ulegała zmianie od chwili wprowadzenia stanu wojennego do jego zawieszenia, które nastąpiło w grudniu 1982 r., kiedy możliwość internowania przestała istnieć. Nadal jednak obowiązywały surowe paragrafy wymierzone przeciw wolnościom obywatelskim, które – po zniesieniu stanu wojennego – przeniesiono do kodeksu karnego. One of the most characteristic features of the martial law in Poland was the internment of citizens by the arbitrary decision of the authorities, and also detention and conviction of people who infringed the draconian laws imposed on 13 December 1981. The number of internees fluctuated between the imposition of martial law to the date it was suspended in December 1982, which closed the possibility of interning people. Still, however, strict laws were in force, aimed against civil freedoms, which ‒ after martial law was lifted ‒ were introduced into the Civil Code.
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Jerzy Jedlicki (1930–2018)

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