Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 13

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Polskie leksemy o rdzeniu nędz-/nud-

100%
Krótki Z.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
|
2016
|
issue 21
99-109
EN
The paper presents the lexical family with the root nud-/nędz-. The material, containing as many as 52 word forms, excerpted from all of the available lexicographical sources of historical vocabulary, has been presented in the form of a word-formative nest. The goal of the analysis was to reveal the internal structure of motivational relations between the centre of the nest, Proto-Slavonic nuditi, and a group of words of varying degrees of derivativeness. The conducted analyses have revealed the principal metaphorical analogies which contributed to the generation of new metaphorical senses of specific linguistic units, and also, made it possible to indicate and discuss the observed changes in their meanings.
2

GRYMASY W HISTORII JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO

100%
Krótki Z.
Rocznik Przemyski
|
2018
|
vol. 54
|
issue 2(22): Literatura i Język
3-15
EN
The article analyzes twenty-five lexical units meaning in old Polish ‘behavior expressing discontent, usually unjustified’. The material was collected based upon the formal structures of the gathered lexemes. It turns out that the oldest names for that behavior date back to the 17th and 18th centuries. Many of these appellations were adopted from French. The aristocracy of that time and place in history had a huge influence not only upon fashion but also habits of the whole Europe. Similarly to the French names, the Polish words related to fuss-making concentrated around five semantic fields; 1.The breath of a fussy person, 2.Their body language, 3. A-logical behavior, 4.The electrolyte imbalance in the body, 5. Delusions. From among the collected lexical units mentioned above, only six have been preserved, i.e. grymasy, kaprysy, humory, wydziwiania, dąsy, chimery. All these lexemes have undergone lexicalization.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Z historii nazw demonów domowych rejestrowanych w dobie staro- i średniopolskiej

100%
Krótki Z.
Studia Językoznawcze. Synchroniczne i diachroniczne aspekty badań polszczyzny
|
2017
|
vol. 16
175-187
PL
W artykule analizie poddano dawne, XV-, XVI-, XVII- oraz XVIII-wieczne nazwy demonów domowych. Zebrany ze wszystkich dostępnych źródeł leksykograficznych materiał uzupełniony został o fragmenty dzieł literackich, w których pojawiły się nazwy tych demonów. Okazało się, że jednostki, które pod koniec doby średniopolskiej posiadały znaczenie ‘duchy- -opiekunowie domu’, w XVI i XVII wieku charakteryzowały najczęściej ‘dżina’ lub ‘diabła’. Na charakter tych wierzeń ogromny wpływ wywarła literatura z czasów kontrreformacji. Doprowadziła ona do przemieszania wyobrażeń dawnych, mitycznych sprzymierzeńców ludzi z wyobrażeniami diabła i jego pomocników. Na początku doby nowopolskiej natomiast, pod wpływem kultury zachodniej, analizowane jednostki utraciły negatywne nacechowanie.
EN
The article presents the names of the domestic demons registered in the 15th to 18th centuries. The material, collected from all the accessible lexicographical sources was supplemented with the fragments of the literary works in which the names of these demons occurred. It has turned out that the lexical units which in the late Middle Polish period had the meaning of a ‘protective household spirit’, in the 16th and 17th centuries characterized most frequently a ‘genie’ or a ‘devil’. These beliefs were immensely affected by the Counter Reformation literature. It caused the confusion of the notions of the ancient mythical human allies with the notions of the devil and his helpers. In the early New Polish period the analysed lexical units lost their negative markedness under the influence of the Western culture.
4

Nazwy demonów powietrznych w historii języka polskiego

100%
Krótki Z.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2016
|
vol. 16
EN
The analysis was undertaken concerning the ancient names of air ghosts and spirits in this article. The written material gathered from all available lexicographical sources registered the ’lexis’ to the end of 18th century. The author used the old texts and literature for example: Postępek prawa czartowskiego przeciwko narodowi ludzkiemu and Pogrom czartowskie błędy, latawców zdrady i alchemickie zdrady jako rozpłasza. As was evidenced the vintage names of air spirits were structured as a form of three ’pictures’ such as: 1. ‘given to fly’, 2. ‘given to whistle’, 3. ‘the fire in the sky’ the key figure among these creatures was latawiec who was taken as a satan’s helper other demons were treated as an entities who plagued the human kind with bad meteorological aura. Some of them took a revenge on the people for disturbance of their peace and quiet (for instance – południca). Others were the creatures who did a penance. Some characters existed to teach people how to do a husbandry. The author took a notice that there’s no way to reconstruct the full measure of meanings because of the gaps in the written text.
5

CZCZA GADANINA W HISTORII JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO

100%
Krótki Z.
Rocznik Przemyski
|
2016
|
vol. 52
|
issue 2(20): Literatura i Język
141-155
EN
The article analyzes twenty-four lexical units connected with the collocation “empty babble”. The material collected from all available lexicographic sources has been examined based upon basic images contained in the formal structures of particular names. It has turned out that the grouped units are formed based on six images going back to the Proto-Slavic era. For instance - 1.’something false’, 2.’something foolish’, 3.’something empty’, 4.’something braided’, 5.’something uttered in fever’, 6.’something as trivial as a fart’. Studying the changes in the analyzed texts (word-forms) the author narrows her research interest down to the contexts in which the above words occur. Upon the acknowledgement of the ‘lexeme use’ in the dictionary registering Old Polish she deduces its meaning value in the particular time frame.
6

Nazwy poranka w dawnej polszczyźnie

100%
Krótki Z.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
|
2017
|
vol. 17
EN
In the article the thirty lexical units were analysed and their meaning was – ’dawn’ in the span of time frame; from 15th to 19th century. The material investigated was gathered from all available lexicographical sources registering the bygone vocabulary to the end of 18th century. Stemming from the etymology, the authoress explored the significance of particular wordforms, which were put in the chart at the end with illustration of quantity and volume change in examined lexical field. It turned out that in old Polish the five phases of dawn were extracted which every singular one had at least seven terms. These units were not the constant appellations of concrete phase of the morning time. They evolved constantly semantically or they were weed out from general Polish. Upon the character of these changes the most potent influence was the shifting in customs-the technological progress or better accessability to the chronometers, which influenced as unnecessary the splitting of the dawn into the little segments. As a consequence the special names evaporated.
7

Z historii rodziny leksykalnej rzeczownika „cacko”

100%
Krótki Z.
Język Polski
|
2017
|
vol. 97
|
issue 2
60-69
PL
W artykule analizie poddano zebrane z całej historii języka polskiego jednostki leksykalne należące do rodziny wyrazowej rzeczownika „cacko”. Główny kierunek analiz wyznaczano za pomocą metody semazjologicznej. Wychodząc od etymologii, badano, jakimi drogami poszczególne jednostki nabywały nowych sensów, określano charakter tych przesunięć oraz cel, któremu modyfikacje te służyły. Okazało się, że badane jednostki leksykalne sytuowały się w wielu, na pozór dalekich znaczeniowo kategoriach semantycznych, tj. „zabawa”, „ozdoby i dekoracje”, „dobra przemijające”, „uroda”, „praca”, „pieszczota”, „erotyzm”, „obietnica”. Zmiany, jakie na przestrzeni wieków zaszły w ich treściach, dokonywały się bardzo szybko, najczęściej pod wpływem analogii względem dominujących cech desygnatu lub na skutek personifikacji. Ich skutkiem był rozpad semantycznej jedności analizowanej rodziny leksykalnej oraz leksykalizacja wielu jej elementów.
EN
In the article lexical units collected from historical sources of Polish language attributed to the word-family of the noun “cacko” (‘kickshaw’) were investigated. The key element of analysis was determined by the sema-siological (semantic) method. Starting with etymology it was studied in which ways the particular units acquired new senses, also the character and the function of those shifts as well as the goal of those modifications were ascertained. The above-mentioned lexical units were found to be present in a few semantic categories, seemingly far in the meaning, for example: “play”, “trinkets and decoration”, “passing goods”, “good looks”, “work”, “caress”, “eroticism”, “promise”. The changes that occurred over the years in their core meanings were very fast, most often under the influence of the analogy with the dominating features of the desig¬nation or personification. As a consequence of those alterations the decay of semantic unity of the analyzed lexical family followed as well as lexicalization of its many elements.
8
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Biała magia w leksyce dawnej polszczyzny

100%
Krótki Z.
Socjolingwistyka
|
2015
|
issue 29
301-311
PL
W artykule analizie poddano jednostki wiązane z polem BIAŁA MAGIA. Mimo że we współczesnej polszczyźnie pojęcie to nie istnieje, do końca XIX wieku tworzyło rozległą kategorię, w skład której wchodziły elementy aktualnie kojarzone z medycyną lub religią. Analizie poddano zasygnalizowane zagadnienie, aby móc prześledzić, w jaki sposób doszło do jego zaniku. Okazało się, że mimo iż pierwsza wzmianka o białej magii odnotowana została dopiero w XVIII wieku, kategoria ta funkcjonowała począwszy od staropolszczyzny. Jej elementy charakteryzowały początkowo zabiegi o proweniencjach pogańskich, z czasem natomiast do tego pojęcia weszły również nazwy egzorcyzmów. Metodą dominującą w niniejszym szkicu jest analiza kontekstów, w których występowały wyrazy należące do pola semantycznego BIAŁA MAGIA w historii języka polskiego. Na podstawie poświadczeń użycia danego wyrazu w słownikach rejestrujących polszczyznę dawną wnioskowano o jego wartości znaczeniowej w danym okresie.
EN
In this article were undertaken the units corresponding with the field of white magic in the form of analysis. Beside the fact that this word ‘white magic’ does not exist in the contemporary Polish — it has a meaning in the interpretation itself namely it was considered as a broad category (to the end of the 19th century) which included the elements associated with the medicine and the religion. The above mentioned topic (the white craft) was analysed as a matter of the investigation of how it was extinct this ‘white lore’. It was stated that the first indication of the white magic was recorded scarcely in the 18th century. The category of the topic was prevalent starting from the ancient Polish language. The onset of it's elements and features characterized the measures of the pagan provenances. By and by to this ‘white way of life’ were introduced the names of the exorcisms. The method dominating in this essay is the analysis of contexts. Considering as an evidence the use of that particular word in the dictionary recording the old Polish and deduce the meaning value of it in the particular time.
9
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Dawne nazwy astrologii i astrologów

100%
Krótki Z.
Forum Lingwistyczne
|
2015
|
issue 2
51-63
EN
The article is trying to analyse in a semantic way the former names of astrology and the star gazers. The material gathered from all available wells of information; lexicographical sources containing the texts from the fourteen century to the eighteen one. It is manifested in a way that the astrological vocabulary of the old Polish differed from the contemporary lexicology. The changes which occurred on this level of language had an additional „character of quantity” – from the ample collection of 18 units were left barely 2 lexems – astrologia and astrolog. Beside the point there was another character – “the quality character” (the semantic one). At the beginning “the investigated terrain” was affiliated with the category of ASTRONOMY. That is why a lot of names of astrology and the “star watchers” swerved back and forth for long at the stitch of two lexical fields similar semantically. Overall changes which took place in the investigated word-group are reflections of moving trends in societal and cultural spheres of the years gone by.
10

Leksemy oznaczające perfumy i kremy do pielęgnacji ciała w dobie staro- i średniopolskiej

100%
Krótki Z.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2017
|
issue XIX/3
123-140
EN
In this article some old and middle Polish names of perfumes and body creams were investigated. Collected from all available lexicographical sources, the researched material contains one-hundred and three units scrutinized thoroughly in light of the semasiological method. The evidence of particular word use in the dictionaries registering the old Polish forms allows one to deduce the meanings of an item in the stated period. In the investigated period the names of creams and perfumes belonged to one semantic category. The names were connected to four primary senses included in their formal structure, such as: consistency, smell, main ingredient, technology. A large number of the researched names were polysemous, which was repeatedly noted by the author of the article.
11
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Średnio- i nowopolskie nazwy dolegliwości kobiecych

100%
Krótki Z.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
|
2018
|
issue 13
74-86
EN
In the herein article the forty-four lexical units were analysed thoroughly by semasiological method. They were coupled with the middle and modern-Polish ‘women’s trouble’. The written material was gathered throughout based upon the formal structure of collected lexemes. It turned out that the investigated units concentrated around six fields: 1. Uterus, 2. Secretions, 3. Breath, 4. Pain, 5. Time, 6. Woman. The primary meaning of many analysed appellations were neutral, they were concerned mainly with the physical ailments. Around the 19th century the researched units were correlated with the hysteria. The ongoing and signalized semantic change was influenced by the socio-cultural factors. The fashion of that time contributed deeply to the manifestation of these supposed women’s maladies.
12
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Staro- i średniopolskie nazwy ciast

100%
Krótki Z.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
|
2016
|
issue 11
75-87
EN
In the article herein the thirty-four lexical units were undertaken and analysed thoroughly which maintained the old- and middle-Polish appellations of baking products – pastries. Stemming from the etymology, the motivation was investigated, the meaning and the semantic changes in the gathered texts of words were also scrutinized and put under the magnifying glass. It was evidenced that the nomination of investigated names of ‘baked cakes’ consisted of six general functions such as: 1. literal character of particular cake; 2. indication of its main baking ingredients; 3. the form of it; 4. origin of a cake; 5. increase of ‘favourable of a cake’ by a referral to the authority; 6. correlation of the particular cake with its rites and holidays (during which the pastries were served) (sic!). Most frequently the old names of ‘baked goodies’ were made as simple associations and were coupled with particular shape of the bake.
13
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

O łakomstwie słów parę. Polskie leksemy o rdzeniu łacz-/łak-

100%
Krótki Z., Śląski U., Zuzanna Krótki. Doktor nauk humanistycznych w zakresie językoznawstwa. Interesuje się historią języka polskiego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem semantyki historycznej f. i. e., zuzanna_krotki@interia.pl
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Studia Indogermanica Lodziensia. Supplementary Series
|
2015
|
vol. 4
EN
The paper presents the word family of the łacz-/łak- root. The material included 51 word forms, gathered from all accessible lexicographical sources of the entire history of the Polish language, and were presented in the form of a word formation nest. The aim of the analyses was to show the internal structure of the motivating relations between the center of the nest –*olkati, olčǫ, and a group of words of different levels of derivation. The studies tried to answer the question of how the word forms of the łacz-/łak- root were built. The (re)construction of the nest was used to discuss the discerned transformations and aided in defining the character of the changes in meaning of the examined units. The patterns of suffixal connections presented in the paper allowed tracing the paths of word formative development of individual formations. They have also enabled pointing out the transformations which were most important for the changes in the nest of the root łacz-/łak-.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowana została rodzina leksykalna o rdzeń łacz-/łak-. Materiał liczący pięćdziesiąt jeden słowoform, wyekscerpowany ze wszystkich dostępnych źródeł leksykograficznych rejestrujących słownictwo historyczne, zaprezentowany został w postaci gniazda słowotwórczego. Celem analiz było pokazanie wewnętrznej struktury relacji motywujących pomiędzy centrum gniazda –*olkati, olčǫ a grupą wyrazów o różnym stopniu pochodności. Analizy stanowią próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak były budowane formacje o rdzeniu łacz-/łak-. (Re)konstrukcja gniazda posłużyła omówieniu dostrzeżonych przeobrażeń, jak również określeniu charakteru zmian w znaczeniach badanych jednostek. Zaprezentowane w artykule wzory połączeń sufiksów pozwoliły prześledzić drogi słowotwórczego rozwoju poszczególnych formacji, umożliwiły również wskazanie najważniejszych przeobrażeń dla gniazda o rdzeniu łacz-/łak- procesów.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.