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1
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Jacek Zaleśny, Odpowiedzialność konstytucyjna w prawie polskim [Toruń 2005, ss. 307]

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Biernat T.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2005
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issue 1
159-162
2
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Prawo Unii Europejskiej a kwestie bezpieczeństwa piłkarskich imprez masowych o charakterze międzynarodowym. Rola soft law na przykładzie Rezolucji Rady z dnia 3 czerwca 2010 roku

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Biernat T.
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
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2011
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issue 3
7-17
EN
The Council Resolution from 3 June 2010 concerning the updated recommendations manual in the scope of international police cooperation and preventive and controlling actions connected with the acts of violence and public order offences during international football matches, which concern at least one member state, is a good example explaining the role of the soft law applied to sport. The aim of the study is to characterise the role of the European Union law in relation to sport, and especially the function of the community soft law. The selected example concerns the security issue of playing international football matches. It is one of the key and current problems, mainly due to the approaching European Championships. It also concerns the phenomena which call for radical actions, both in Poland and other European countries. At the same time, the analysed issue illustrates the complicated situation that is created when the pressure to introduce legal regulations in a particular aspect of social life collides with the complicated nature of the European legal system, the basis of which are the treaty-based policies and characteristic legal instruments. The matter is additionally complicated by the multidimensional scope of legal regulations concerning sport in general, and football tournaments in particular, and which consist of not only the country laws and the European Union laws, but also autonomous legal acts of sport federations and their international associations.
PL
Rezolucja Rady z dnia 3 czerwca 2010 r. w sprawie zaktualizowanego podręcznika zaleceń w zakresie międzynarodowej współpracy policyjnej oraz w zakresie działań prewencyjnych i kontrolnych związanych z aktami przemocy i zakłóceniami porządku podczas międzynarodowych meczów piłki nożnej, które dotyczą co najmniej jednego państwa członkowskiego, jest dobrym przykładem wyjaśnienia roli soft law („miękkiego prawa wspólnotowego”) w odniesieniu do sportu. Przedmiotem opracowania jest charakterystyka roli prawa Unii Europejskiej w odniesieniu do sportu, a szczególnie funkcji miękkiego prawa wspólnotowego. Wybrany przykład dotyczy kwestii bezpieczeństwa rozgrywania międzynarodowych meczów piłki nożnej. Jest to jeden z kluczowych i aktualnych problemów m.in. ze względu na zbliżające się mistrzostwa Europy. Dotyczy zjawisk, które zarówno w Polsce, jak i w innych krajach Unii Europejskiej wymagają radykalnych działań. Równocześnie, omawiane zagadnienie ilustruje skomplikowaną sytuację, która powstaje wtedy, gdy dochodzi do zderzenia sui generis presji na wprowadzenie prawnych regulacji w określonym aspekcie życia społecznego, ze skomplikowanym charakterem europejskiego systemu prawnego, którego podstawą są traktatowo określane obszary działania (policies) i charakterystyczne instrumenty prawne. Dodatkową komplikację stanowi wielopoziomowy zakres regulacji prawnych odnoszących się do sportu generalnie, a do rozgrywek piłkarskich w szczególności, na które poza prawem krajowym i prawem unijnym składają się również autonomiczne akty prawne federacji sportowych i ich międzynarodowych stowarzyszeń.
3
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Odpowiedzialność spadkobierców za długi spadkowe po dziale spadku. Uwagi de lege ferenda

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Biernat T.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
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2007
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issue 5
377-393
XX
One of the legal effects of the partition of succession is a change in the heirs’ liability for the debts of succession from the joint and several liability into the liability related to the shares in the undivided property. Heirs’ liability for the debts of successions after the partition of succession has no relation with the value of the proprietary rights granted to heirs as a result of the partition of succession. What is more, Polish civil law does not stipulate any relation between the value of the proprietary rights granted to heirs as a result of the partition of succession and the value of the heirs’ share in the undivided property. As this may lead to the breach of interests of the creditors of the succession grantor and some other parties, an amendment to the Polish civil code is required. This amendment should consist in the introduction to the Polish legal system heirs’ liability for the debts of succession related to the value of the proprietary rights granted to heirs as a result of the partition of succession.
4
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Krystyna Leszczyńska, Rządy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w latach 1989-2001 [Toruń 2005, ss. 482]

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Biernat T.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2005
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issue 1
163-165
5
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Soft law a proces tworzenia prawa w Unii Europejskiej. Wpływ soft law na konstrukcję i treść uzasadnień aktów normatywnych

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Biernat T.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
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2012
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issue 2(11)
27-37
EN
The paper focuses on a particular aspect of the legislative process in the European Union: the soft law as well as its role in law making and in the evaluation of the EU legal system efficiency. Specific solutions adopted in the EU legislative system and the position of the soft law in this process should provide the grounds for a detailed discussion among legal experts, and particularly among the theorists and philosophers of law. The central thought of this short essay is the improvement of the legislative process and efficiency of legal acts, perceived as the key and pending problem, especially with regard to the extrapolation of legal regulations. The identification of the goals and a proper determination of the scope of legal intervention are considered crucial decisions at the preliminary stage of the process. A multidimensional justification of those decisions, based on a proper argumentation, is an essential condition of good law making.
6
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Miejsce doktryny prawniczej w procesie tworzenia prawa

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Biernat T.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
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2007
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issue 5
51-64
EN
The answer to the question to what extent the study of law participates in the process of law creation is a difficult one. It seems that legal doctrine achieves far more as far as its influence on law application is concerned. In this scope, the influence of research is more visible. This influence is reflected in frequent references to the stand of research in the rulings of the bodies applying law, in particular courts situated at the top of the judiciary hierarchy, as well as in using the expertise carried out by lawyers who are researchers in the field of law interpretation. Nonetheless, in the range of research which is under discussion, concerning law creation and changes in the area of law, the study of law and legal doctrine have much to say. This influence can be observed both in general and in more particular issues. This phenomenon is multidimensional and in this draft it is difficult to analyse all its aspects. In its basic dimension, concerning the rules of law making process, these are issues in the theory of law. What is being discussed are general conditions and rules of the dynamics of law. One attempts to formulate generalizations and regularities as well as present alternative models of law making process. In the broader scope, where direct and indirect influences are discussed, additional phenomena can be analysed, namely findings in sociology, law and legal policy. In social and political practice some complicated subjective relations manifested in serving multiple social functions by the representatives of the doctrine can be the subject of analysis. The lawyers who are devoted to academic research, do not shun legal practice, often connecting it with political or administrative functions. Potentially, then, they can favour their own or borrowed academic conceptions in the practice of law creation. Finally, it is the outcome of a particular kind of legal culture as well as the position and authority attributed by the system to researchers. The influence of the doctrine on law making process in its particular dimension is manifested in presenting particular solutions, specific legal contents and the postulate of introducing them to currently binding law. What can determine the effectiveness of de lege ferenda postulates? De lege ferenda postulates of legal doctrine can be treated in this process as a kind of impulse. The question then arises who should the postulates of the doctrine formulated in the scope of changes in law be addressed to. Can reasoning be applied at all and if it can, then the question occurs what kind. It can be assumed that particular kinds of reasoning can be combined with the hereunder mentioned areas. By means of discussion, or rather signalling certain types of reasoning, I aim at pointing at the fact that their utilization constitutes the accomplishment of de lege ferenda postulates. This effectiveness is obviously a potential one, depending not only on the importance of the argument but also on whether and to what extent it is feasible to reach a particular decision making bodies with these arguments.
7
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Wprowadzenie

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Biernat T.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
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2009
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issue 7
7-10
8
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Współczesne przemiany w sferze państwa - prawa - polityki. Zarys problemów badawczych

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Biernat T.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2003
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issue 2
5-26
9
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Status systemu europejskiego. Reperkusje konstytucyjne

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Biernat T.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2003
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issue 4
257-268
10
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Sprawozdanie z XXII Zjazdu Katedr Teorii i Filozofi i Prawa, „Prawo – polityka – sfera publiczna”, Wrocław 18–21 września 2016 r.

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Biernat T.
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
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2017
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issue 1(20)
243-246
11
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23rd IVR World Congress Law and Legal Cultures in the 21st Century. Diversity and Unity, sierpień 1-6, 2007. Kraków

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Biernat T.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
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2007
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issue 2
223-226
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