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EN
The article presents the sermons of the Franciscan preachers (Ordo Fratrum Minorum Reformatorum) from the baroque (XVIIth -XVIIIth century). The author treats of a subject of a sermones de tempore et de sanctis. She tries to quality its character. Its were showed against a background of history, theological and rhetorical tradition. The article concentrates specially on a rhetorical: inventio (auctoritates - the Bible and a commentary, an exemplum and a figura - understanded as an allegorical reading of the Scriptures), dispositio (structure of a sermon) and elocutio (lingual form of a sermon).
EN
The article refers to the Good Friday sermon („Raj niebieski na ziemi, potopem złości i okrucieństwa żydowskiego zniesiony […]”, 1655) of baroque preacher, Mikołaj Szomowski. The paper shows the methods of the descriptions the Passion. Two crucial issues are a „conceptus” and an „amplificatio”. The idea is taken from principal biblical metaphor — flood. It dominates the whole sermon. Amplification (mainly „congeries” oraz „incrementum”) takes place on the two planes —„res” and „verba”.
EN
The article refers 18th manuscript compendium of rhetoric. Author was a member of the Order of the Reformati. He probably was a lector (i. e. teacher of rhetoric in the monastic college). The manuscript is the proof of the outstanding knowledge of the rhetorical theory. This lecture was intended for future preachers. The whole is subordinated this aim. The material is divided into three parts: „De partibus concionis” (concerns „invention”), „De proprietatibus concionis” (concerns „eloqutio”) and „De speciebus concionis” (describes the types of sermons: doctrinal, ethical, dogmatic, panegyrical and funeral).
EN
This paper concerns strategies which were applied by Skarga when he was translating the Good Friday oration of Italian Jesuit Stefano Tuccio (delivered before Pope Gregory XIII in 1583). The strategies were divided into four groups (according to translatological and rhetorical key): adiectio, detractio, transmutatio i immutatio. The very brief sermon demanded special tools. Skarga performed an unusual task. He retained spirit of the original and at the same time demonstrated an invention. The preacher had to choose between two strategies of translation – the method of words and the method of a sentence (or a sense). He unambiguously decided for the second one. His fundamental unit of translation was a sentence (its sense, a rhetorical figure, a sound), not a word. Skarga was the translator but primarily he felt he was the rhetor and this (his rhetorical preparation and skill) determined the character of the translation.
EN
The article refers to the Good Friday sermon (Raj niebieski na ziemi, potopem złości i okrucieństwa żydowskiego zniesiony […], 1655) by baroque preacher, Mikołaj Szomowski. It is the only known sermon by this author. The paper discusses how the preacher read and used works of ancient Roman writers (Valerius Maximus, Plutarchus, Pliny the Elder, Seneca, Vergil, Martial, Ovid). The author of this article investigates the purpose of the citations, their interpretation and adaptation for the Christian context. These excerptions show Szomowski’s erudition and — indirectly — the character of baroque education and preaching, which were based on ancient rhetoric, poetics and literature. The problem with Szomowski’s interpretation of ancient authors lies, however, in the fact that quotations from Roman literature are used for a biblical exegesis and are just as important as the Bible. Perhaps it was the reason why Szomowski published only the one sermon.
EN
The subject of this article is paraphrase of psalm LXX wrote by Mikołaj Sęp Szarzyński. Szarzyński's text was compared with the Vulgate and translation prepared by Jan Leopolita (1561). Because of this comparison we may observe how Szarzy!ski modified original text. The paraphrase indicates personal reading of the psalm. Thanks to own sensitivity and specific perception of world, the poet included this psalm in his most personal poetry. The translation of the psalm LXX impacted logically poet s works, especially this area which treats about human kindness, weakness and relations human-God.
PL
Tekst został wygłoszony podczas konferencji „Europa Środkowa – przedpokój czy salon Europy, gdzie Wschód spotyka się z Zachodem?”, Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi, Jasło, 21–23 września 2006 r.
EN
The article presents a part of Society of Jesus in formation a culture of Europe seen as a whole. The cultural and intellectual developments in Europe in the 16th and 17th century were greatly influenced by the Jesuits. It made a fundamental contribution to the creation of uniform European culture. The author concentrates on the Jesuit educational system (specially Ratio studiorum, University of Vilnius, rhetoric) which formed the foundation of homogeneous culture of the Europe. It was also a ‘‘platform” between East and West Europe.
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