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Europejska nowoczesność i jej wyparte konstytuujące „zewnętrze”

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Nowak A. W.
Nowa Krytyka
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2011
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issue 26-27
261–289
EN
The main thesis of the paper is a statement that European modernity is founded largely on a symbiotic relationship with its denied and constitutive “external”. It was this relationship that has enabled Europe to undergo radical economic, political and cultural development. However, the dependency of the European modernity on its “external” have been erased, forgotten, repressed during the process of creation of the European identity. Bruno Latour says that modernists have “forked tongues”. This illustrates the most distinctive feature of modernity which is a separation between founding practices of modernity and the level of narration (justification) of these practices. In an attractive but ambiguous phrase Bruno Latour claims that “we have never been modern”. It means that European modernity has never even approached the level which was presented as a normatively expected description of reality. Bruno Latour refers primarily to the area of science and technology studies. The aim of this paper is to show usefulness of his approach for studying the issues raised by postcolonial studies, theories of dependency and modern world-system.
2
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Myśleć globalnie, badać lokalnie. Tyrania chwili, przemoc strukturalna a nowoczesny system-świat

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Nowak A. W.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
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2013
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issue 2(16)
148–166
EN
Article is a trying to merge two theories: actor-network theory (ANT) and world-system analysis (WSA). Such a synthesis gives us an opportunity to combine an ethnographic approach, focused on actors analysis of ANT, with a networked, global perspective proposed by WSA. Both theories share the same type of holistic/ecological ontology of human societies. This similarity is fully visible if we compare a notion of the collective (Latour) and a notion of world-system (WSA). This is challenge to traditional, modernist views of social ontology. Author propose a concept of “ontological imagination”, as a solution. This is proposition a radicalized version of “sociological imagination (C. W. Mills), more suitable to technoscientific societies. In the paper the theoretical considerations are supplemented by a case study about “tyranny of the moment” as an example of acceleration in contemporary culture. Article propose model of social time in global context. Time is treated as a very important factor in global inequalities within structures if modern world-system.
3

Ontologia a aksjologia — co możemy zyskać, a co stracić, używając teorii aktora-sieci? Diagnoza wstępna

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Nowak A. W.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2015
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vol. 18
65 - 79
EN
This article aims to analyse the potential benefits and dangers posed by the use of the actor-network theory as a “tool box”. The Actor-Network Theory (ANT) makes us aware of the complexity of our society (collective of humans and non-humans). From such viewpoint our society is understood as swarming with multitude of heterogeneous entities. The use of ANT enables a humanist (philosopher) to break free from the limitations of the so-called humanistic fundamentalism. This is a good starting point for the ontological analyses of heterogeneous collective. Regrettably, the “flat ontology”, as proposed in the framework of the ANT, makes it difficult to formulate proposals for a normative stance, it is especially difficult for those who adhere to the modern, humanistic ethos. This article is intended to identify the possible solutions to this dilemma.
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