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Badanie zapraw budowlanych cerkwi w Tmutarakaniu i Kerczu oraz soboru w Kijowie

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Znaczko-Jaworski I. L.

Ochrona Zabytków

1977

issue 3-4

154-157

The author — an expert associated with the USSR Academy of Sciences — deals with the results o f the analysis of the mortars sampled in the Orthodox Church at Tmoutarakan (Tamansky Peninsula) dating from 1023, that at Kerch — built in the beginning of the 10th century, and o f the one in Kiev, erected in the years 1073—1078. On the basis of the findings o f the research discussed — in the course o f which the chemical structure of the mortars was compared and also their content of, respectively, calcium and magnesium carbonate, etc. — the author has classified the examined mortars in consonance with the standards binding in the Soviet Union. The research has revealed an affinity of the mortars of the Orthodox Churches in Tmoutarakan and Kiev and a different character of that sampled at Kerch what results from the composition of the local limestone deposits and identical, or different, methods of mortar production. Now, the high quality of the mortars once used in Kiev was due to the correct proportions o f calcareous cement and crushed brick sand, observed in their preparation.

Badania zabytków architektury dla potrzeb konserwatorskich : problem doboru właściwych zapraw

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Znaczko-Jaworski I. L.

Ochrona Zabytków

1973

issue 4

256-260

Pointing at the outset of his work to importance of a thorough analysis of historic building that may supply the basis for its appropriate conservation or restoration, the author more widely deals with one of important parts of the said analysis, namely experimental investigations of binders, mortars, concretes and other building materials. Their samples taken from different parts of a historic building may be of utmost importance not only as an auxiliary material for exact dating of a given object, but also — and in several cases mainly — as an indication what kinds of materials are to be applied during conservation to avoid the dangerous and harmful for an object under conservation consequences of chemical and physical conflicts that may occur between the original materials and those used for conservation or resoration. Investigations carried out by the author within the antique area of the Black Sea coast have allowed him to make several findings and draw a number of conclusions of high methodic importance for archaeologists, conservators and art historians. Basing on investigations of mortars to be found in the antique buildings (e.g. a dwelling house, dating from the 6th century B.C., at Pantikapea on the Kerch Peninsula) he has authoritatively stated that in despite of conventionally adopted in archaeology views that no lime mortars were used in antiquity the mortars found there by him and his co-workers are the lime mortars in some instances filled with an addition of ground bricks.

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2 Ochrona Zabytków

1 1977

1 1973

2 Znaczko-Jaworski I. L.

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Badanie zapraw budowlanych cerkwi w Tmutarakaniu i Kerczu oraz soboru w Kijowie

Badania zabytków architektury dla potrzeb konserwatorskich : problem doboru właściwych zapraw