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Problemy zastosowań informatyki w zarządzaniu regionem

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Szczepaniak J., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
Analysis of functioning of a region reveals oertain specific features of the regional administration. The scope and manner of control exercised by regional authorities over processes occuring within a given region are muoh differentiated - starting with direct management to performance of solely co-ordinating functions. Many tasks carried out by regional authorities show a close relationship with problems of spatial location and development. To accomplish these tasks it becomos necessary to maintain large information files about regional reeouroee. Targets of regional administration may be divided into three basic groups: - optimal satisfaction of a region's needs, - optimal utilization of regional resources, - assurance of optimal development for a region. They should be achieved by regional authorities although participation of particular levels of regional administration in their accomplishment differs in oharacter and range. Analysis of tasks facing different levels of regional administration makes it possible to determine the nature of information requirements and possibilities, of their satisfaction by oomputör- -basod information systems. It produces tho following conclusions. Object information systems are sufficient for the operational management level. For the tactical level there must be, as a rule, built branch information systéme. At this level there should be also maintained information systems encompassing resources of a given region. To satisfy the needs of top authorities it beoomes essential to construct an information system based on the data bank technology. The article analyzes conditions which should be fulfilled by such a system.
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Koncepcja systemu informatycznego dla potrzeb zarządzania regionem. Aspekty metodyczne

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Karpiński S., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
The concept of a computer-based information system as disoussed by the author was prompted by analysis of regional aspects of administration. Studies performed by the author revealed not only problems of methodological nature in the field of designing information systems for regional authorities but also difficulties in describing decision problems at this level of administration. The aim of euch information system is to provide indispensable information for control and assessment of socio-eoonomic, and cultural phenomena occuring within a region, and for planning, co-ordinating, and forecasting their effective development. The information system perceived in this manner and expected to accomplish many functions should be based on a multilevel common data base. The main problem will consist in creation and maintenance of complex data structures.
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Problemy wykorzystania podziału terenu na małe obszary dla potrzeb planowania przestrzennego

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Maciejak B., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
Rapid urbanization of countries, and forectasts predicting further development of urbanization as well as high material costs of this prcoess pose a requirement of more and more precise determination of plans and designing of development of modern cities. The data which are utilized in spatial planning of a city refer to small areas. The significance of land division into small areas is generally well known but thoro exitst, however, very diversifield ways of its presentation in practice. The practical solutions quoted by the author were employed in the FRG. The system of land division forms a certain kind of network construotion, which corresponds to the network of city streets. Particular elements of the city's area are divided into small blooks for which there has been constructed the following identificator providing a basis for information search: 0 - full area, 1 - planning area, 2 - housing district area, 3 - a part of municipal district, city, or other looation, 4 - district, 5 - a group of blocks of flats, 6 - block of flats, 7 - a side of a block of flats. In the discussed solution there are encoded in a geographical approach contours of blocks of flats since the collection of sides of a block of flats contains points of a polygon. Coding of contours of blocks of flats can be directly used as a model of borderlines image during automatic drawing of maps, on which can be placed numerical data reforring to a given area e.g. number of professionally active people, number of flats with a definite standard of facilities, shopping and service units etc. Both the scope and form of obtained information depend on the user of a system who provides appropriate data necessary for creation of branch bases while the above presented identificator. facilitates finding and proceesing of required information.
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Dynamika Systemów Zarządzania jako metoda usprawnienia procesu sterowania organizacjami gospodarczymi

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Niemyjska E. Z., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
Problems of deterministic modelling receive too little attention in the Polish specialist press. It seems that undoubtful advantages of the Systems Dynamics i. e. approaoh to management problems, need for oo-operation between representatives of different specializations (both economic practitioners and researchers) in the modelling process, and finally nonstochastic simulation rank the presented method foremost among diverse methods of analysis and improvement of management systems in the socialist economy. This is due to the fact that the planned nature of our eoonomy favours true reflection of economic prooesses just in deterministic models. The article contains a presentation and assessment of applicability of modelling principles of systems structures with utilization of methods of the Systems Dynamios, and especially of the Management Systems Dynamios for steering of economio organizations. The author discusses methodological foundations of the Systems Dynamios as well as modelling principles of the Management Systems Dynamics with special attention paid to the top-down strategy, base and eubjeot structure of the Management Systems Dynamics models, and the way of employing these models in the decision making process for steering of economic organizations. Next the author evaluates both the method it self of the Management Systems Dynamics modelling and its applicability for reseraches on behaviour dynamios of steered objects. The article closes with information depicting the present state of dissemination of the Systems Dynamios methods in Poland and abroad.
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Zastosowanie gier decyzyjnych dla potrzeb zarządzania regionem

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Karpiński S., Pabiniak K., Sowa G., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
Dynamic development of socio-economic processes and increasing degree of their complexity account for the fact that management of modern organizations becomes more and more difficult. This refers also to problems accompanying administration of a region. Forecasting and planning of a region's development must be based on analysis of many alternative solutions, on analysis of hypotheses in their most comprehensive and dynamic approach. A decision game may provide a tool in solving similar problems by regional authorities. By "decision game" we understand here, following T. Naylor, such simulation in which participating persons operate in the capacity of a deoision-maker within the framework of the structure of a system being the simulation object. Application of simulation games in the process of improving the regional administration system will, first of all, allow to obtain fuller information about the system we are interested in and it may provide assistance in selecting the most essential information for making correct decisions in a given region. It is also envisaged that the decision game will be also used for didactic purposes both for executive personnell in the regional administration apparatus and for students of administration and economic.
6
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Systemy informatyczne w sterowaniu rolnictwem w regionie

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Sowa G., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
The author has determined factors furnishing the regional steering of agricultural production with special significance. There are outlined main functions of central and regional administration in steering agricultural production. The author underlines responsibility of local organs of administration for overall agricultural production of a given region. The analysis encompasses also the state of the information system in management of private farming from the point of view of its applicability in implementation of basic functions of the regional administration centre. Finally, there are evaluated prospects for construction of integrated information systems with the author puting forward postulates as regards directions of their development and methodology of their designing.
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Metodyczne aspekty projektowania systemu informatycznego w zakresie usług w regionie

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Czajkowska R., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
Studies preceding work on the concept of the computerized information system for management of services on a regional scale included analysis of the information system in the Department of Trade and Services, Municipal Office of Łódź, description of services supply on the example of repair and construction services in Wrocław administrative province, and analysis of the information system for management of welfare services in the region (also on the example of Wrocław administrative province). Researches carried out by the author revealed big similarities among information eystems concerning different types of services. Construction of many information systems for particular kinds of services does not seem to be quite justified since they will not allow for accomplishment of all tasks and functions in the field of managing services in the region. The specific naturo of regional administration where much necessary information, both input and output information, cannot be forecast as well as continuing process of delimitting powers of local authorities exclude a possibility of traditional designing of information systems starting with information requirements. In this connection it semms necessary to link together data appearing in different collections concerning different types of services. Such approach to designing of information system calls however, for application of different methodology in line with Which designing work should be started with construction of the data base structure and not with fixing of all information needs. Such a system will be based on information coming from the current recording, which will be supplemented by information from periodically organized simple surveys. This will provide a basis for determination of supply, demand and their mutual relationships in particular kinds of services within a given administrative province, which is a matter of fundamental importanoe for effective management of the service sector in a region.
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Zagadnienia ochrony informacji w osobowych systemach informatycznych zarządzania regionem

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Woźniakowska E., Uniwersytet Łódzki Z. O. P. D.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1981
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vol. 12
EN
In computer-based information systems there is a danger or improper use or loss of information. The significance of this, problem grows in the case of issues concerning the population since apart from dangers ensuing from it for institutions there exists a possibility of infringing the "privacy" sphere being ensured for the population. Data files concerning tho population of a given region include very numerous and diversified pieces of information. They of appear in all organizational units subordinated to the local administration organs. Big quantity of information, its diverse sources, complicated procedures of obtaining output data pose additional requirements in the field of information systems protection. An ideal state (hardly attainable - at least due to high costs of such solution) would be full protection of all information. In the operating information systems the management staff of organizations should define the degree to which particular information should be safequarded. There should be analyzed the problem of providing measures and procedures for determination of requirements concerning information protection. These requirements are detormined by the following factors: - level of losses incurred as result of drawbacks in the system, - period оf time in which wo can counteract improper use of intercepted information or in which it can be made unavailable - frequency of irregularities. While discussing problems belonging to the area of information protection, they should not be reduced to data protection sphere alone since without legal provisions, organizational protection, and building proper awareness in this respect protection measures will never be fully effective.
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