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Conversion in Hungarian

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D-Matai M.

Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

2004

vol. 100

issue 1

43-52

This paper deals with one of the main issues in the history of parts of speech in Hungarian: that concerning how the individual word classes get expanded, in what way(s) new items emerge within, or are added to, a given word class. Related research has focussed on the various ways of word formation (compounding, derivation, lexicalisation of suffixed forms, etc.). Most parts of speech, however, get expanded in another manner, too: by way of conversion. For instance, adverbs like 'reggel' (in the morning) were converted into nouns (morning), adverbs like 'hátra' (to the back) into preverbs (back), adverbs like 'ha' (whether), 'hogy' (how) into conjunctions (if, that), adverbial participles like 'múlva' (having passed) into postpositions (some amount of time; later), etc. This paper explores that process of conversion. The phenomenon has received a number of interpretations in the international literature; the present author uses the term in a restricted sense. She argues for the claim that 'zero derivation', 'derivation by a zero morpheme' does not result in a new lexical item in Hungarian, hence it is not an instance of lexicalisation, but rather it produces a new sense and thereby a new part-of-speech affiliation of an existing lexical item (she discusses the issues of polysemy and homonymy in passing). The paper raises a number of problems with respect to conversion and concludes with a tabular summary of the major directions of conversion in Hungarian: which parts of speech may serve as its sources and which may serve as its targets.

Parts of speech in grammar

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D-Matai M.

Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

2004

vol. 128

issue 4

452-463

The paper surveys the role and localisation of words and word classes in earlier and more recent descriptive and historical grammars of various languages. Where and how word classes are discussed in the individual grammars reflects, of course, their role in sentence or text formation.The paper also investigates the background of the issue of word classes being discussed within morphology, or as a chapter of syntax, discusses cases where there is no separate chapter on (the history of) parts of speech in a given grammar, but rather these issues occur scattered in various places, and finally: the advantages of a unified and concentrated discussion of word classes as a separate chapter of grammar.

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1 Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

1 Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

2 2004

2 D-Matai M.

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Conversion in Hungarian

Parts of speech in grammar