Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 12

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Chápanie identity ľudskej osoby na podklade súčasných interpretov Tomáša Akvinského

100%
Volek P.
Studia theologica
|
2018
|
vol. 4
199-217
EN
The article examines the understanding of personal identity based on a contemporary interpretation of Aquinas’s teaching. The author surveys Aquinas’ statements on this topic in several of his works. The author continues with an examination of the views of prominent authors on this issue and then pursues and develops a justification for his own solution. It is argued that according to Aquinas the principle of personal identity consists in the form that is directed towards a connection with a particular matter. Moreover, the author offers a suggestion as to how to position Aquinas’ stance on the issue within the context of current debates on the topic. According to Aquinas, a resurrected person has his/her existence intermitted, since as a separated soul this person is not a person in a strict sense as an complete substance. This view makes Aquinas a corruptionst. However, in a weak sense as an incomplete substance, a separated soul could still be considered a human person – a view that is in fact held by some recent and contemporary Thomists.
2
Content available remote

Pluralita katolíckych metafyzických koncepcií

100%
Volek P.
Studia theologica
|
2004
|
vol. 6
|
issue 4
31-43
EN
John Paul II's encyclical 'Fides et ratio' recognizes the possibility of the existence of different Catholic metaphysical conceptions. Using the issue of transubstantiation as the central expression of the Catholic faith as an example, the suitability of current systems of analytic metaphysics is examined for their use within Catholic philosophy. Those that enable such a use are labeled as suitable in a broad sense for Catholic theology. Moreover, using the example of a truth of faith concerning the relationship between soul and body, an examination was undertaken which showed that, even within the framework of metaphysical conceptions which are suitable in a broad sense, they must remain open for this particular truth of faith if they are to be suitable, not only in a broad, but also in a narrow sense, for their use in Catholic theology.
3
Content available remote

Realita mysle ako podmienka identity ľudskej osoby

100%
Volek P.
Studia theologica
|
2008
|
vol. 10
|
issue 4
33-51
EN
This paper argues for the thesis that the reality of mind is a necessary as well as sufficient condition for a diachronic identity of human person. The impossibility of elimination of qualia and intentionality and thus the impossibility of eliminative materialism was proved here. An impossibility of the theory of identity of types and individuals, together with the impossibility of functionalism as one of the versions of eliminative materialism was proven through a careful consideration of Libet's experiments. Subsequently, dualism surfaced as further option. The views of interactive dualism of Popper and Eccles and that of pragmatic dualism of Carrier and Mittelstrass turned out to be unsuitable in some of their consequences. Hylemorphic dualism turned out to be the best explanation from the sorts of dualism discussed in this paper. Through its understanding of mind as a form, hylemorphic dualism enables us to explain causality as formal and final and thus to separate it form the efficient causality of empirical objects. By this, it also explains the diachronic identity of human person possible.
4

METÓDY METAFYZIKY A PRÍRODNÝCH VIED - O ICH PODOBNOSTIACH A ODLIŠNOSTIACH

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2018
|
vol. 73
|
issue 5
345 – 355
EN
Contemporary metametaphysics studies foundations and methodology of metaphysics. There are two basic positions when it comes to comparing methods of metaphysics and natural sciences. Some authors want to naturalize metaphysics because they see it as a continuation of natural sciences. On the other hand, there are authors who argue that metaphysics is something specific. Both in metaphysics and natural sciences there is a place for the a priori and a posteriori methods. The exclusive use of the a priori methods is problematic with respect to their justification. The a posteriori methods start from experience and can reveal similarities and dissimilarities between metaphysics and natural sciences. Hence, some philosophers combine the a priori and a posteriori methods in metaphysics (e.g. Lowe, Tahko). The relation between the a priori and a posteriori methods is analysed within the framework of Aristotelian essentialism. The paper will also examine the advantages of Aristotelian essentialism comparing it with the bundle theory and the theory of bare particulars. Naturalization of metaphysics can lead to the dissolution of metaphysics in natural sciences. Therefore, the author ś thesis is that the methods of metaphysics differ from those of natural sciences. Although metaphysics and natural sciences share the same object, namely the explanation of the world, with regard to methods their overlap is only a partial one. They both used models, idealization, and abstraction, but they differ when it comes to the forms of confirmation they use.
5

TOMISTICKÝ SMER KRESŤANSKEJ FILOZOFIE V DIALÓGU SVETONÁZOROV

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2017
|
vol. 72
|
issue 3
215 – 227
EN
The paper deals with the history of Christian philosophy and its two main versions, Thomistic and Augustinian, as well as the criteria of the rationality of a worldview. The comparison of the two versions of Christian philosophy enables us to argue that the Thomistic version of Christian philosophy is more conductive to the dialogue with other worldviews than its Augustinian counterpart. Further, the article introduces the criteria of the rationality of a worldview and addresses the question whether Thomistic version of Christian philosophy meets them.
6

KOMPATIBILIZMUS BAÑEZIANIZMU

100%
Volek P.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
|
2017
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
5 – 11
EN
In this article the author shows that the understanding of free will in Bañezianism is compatible with God’s influence on human action. He also proposes modifications to selected interpretations of Bañezianism in order to render these more intelligible. This view will be presented in relation to Molinism, which proposes a different solution to the question of God’s role in human action, one that coincides with libertarianism.
7

MOŽNOSŤ BAÑEZIANIZMU

100%
Volek P.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
|
2016
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
77 – 91
EN
In this article the author tries to justify the possibility of Bañezianism as a form of Thomism. Bañezianism, the teaching of Domingo Bañez OP (1528-1604) and his followers, claims that human beings act in cooperation with God in such a way that the act is preceded by a previous divine concurrence (praemotio physica). Nevertheless, humans remain free to act differently. The defence of the possibility of Bañezianism is based on refuting the critique of Bañezianism presented in the work of some molinists, who see contradictions in Bañezianism. First, the paper clarifies the concept of physical premotion in Thomas Aquinas. Second, it discusses the views of Bañez and Alvarez OP on the same topic. Third, it introduces the critique of Bañezianism formulated by some molinists. Last, the author refutes this criticism, showing the possibility of the views of Bañez on the topic.
8

PROBLÉM ONTOLOGICKÉHO STATUSU ĽUDSKÝCH EMBRYÍ

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2006
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
119
EN
The article examines the issues concerning the differentiated opinions on protection of human embryos or on using them in research. It analyses the arguments used in laws and in debates about human embryo research. The author has validated the argumentations of Damschen and Schönecker, i.e. the arguments of numerical identity and potentiality, and that of cautiousness. The latter is expanded by the author's own arguments for the need to protect human embryos and zygotes.
9

AKTUÁLNE INŠPIRÁCIE EKOLOGICKÝMI PODNETMI Z MYSLENIA HILDEGARDY Z BINGENU

100%
Volek P.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
|
2022
|
vol. 21
|
issue 2
73 - 87
EN
This article looks at the inspiration from the ideas of Hildegard of Bingen to change people's behaviour to solve the current ecological crisis. This topic is very actual, it was also addressed by Pope Francis in the encyclical Laudato Si’. Hildegard of Bingen based her works on the visions she had. According to her, the world was created in harmony and in the fullness of life, which manifested itself in nature as greenness (viriditas). It was violated by the first sin of Adam. Jesus’ redemptive work restored this harmony. Every person can restore harmony in nature by striving for a virtuous life, by sins and vices he moves away from it and thereby causes spiritual decline in the soul. It also contributes to the destruction of greenness in nature and the increase in dryness (ariditas). Hildegard of Bingen recommends abandoning extreme anthropocentrism in the relation to the nature and obedience to God. Compared to the encyclical of Pope Francis Laudato Si’, Hildegard considers the cause of dryness and ecological damage not only ecological sins, but all sins, because human actions affect all things all things that are interconnected.
10

ĽUDSKÉ EMBRYÁ AKO INDIVÍDUÁ A OSOBY

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2010
|
vol. 65
|
issue 6
538-551
EN
In his paper, the author argues that human embryos are individuals and persons. He accepts the critique of the non-individuation argument of human zygote and refutes the possibility of understanding blastomeres as individuals. Finally, realism in the understanding of personal identity is accepted on the basis of an argument justifying substantial form as a principle of personal identity.
11

NÁZORY TOMÁŠA AKVINSKÉHO NA VZNIK ČLOVEKA A DNEŠNÁ EMBRYOLÓGIA

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2007
|
vol. 62
|
issue 3
203-222
EN
The analysis of the text of St. Thomas Aquinas shows, that he was influenced by the Aristotelian notion of succession of the souls. It means that the human embryo is infused at the moment of conception, first with vegetative soul, then with the sensitive souls, and finally with a rational soul. When Aquinas' metaphysical views are considered in accordance with the contemporary biology, the theory of simultaneous animation, i.e. the infusion of the soul by God at the moment of conception, seems to be the best justified theory. Aquinas' description of a woman as mas occasionatus was also influenced by Aristotle's biology: the women are generated as men not in respect of particular nature, but only in respect of the universal nature. That is why, in comparison with men, Aquinas attributes a lower dignity to the women. Such an evaluation of women was not based on the metaphysical principles used for the explanation of the human beings, but it was the result of the influence of Aristotelian biology. When one uses the contemporary biological data in accordance with Aquinas' fundamental metaphysical principles, gender equality in human nature between men and women is convincingly justifiable.
12

VPLYV ARISTOTELIZMU PRI VYSVETĽOVANÍ KONANIA U TOMÁŠA AKVINSKÉHO A RAJMUNDA LULLA

100%
Volek P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2011
|
vol. 66
|
issue 1
11-23
EN
The paper examines the influence of aristotelianism on the explanation of action by Thomas Aquinas and Raymund Lullus. The main focus is on the basic elements of this influence, on the originality of the thought of Thomas Aquinas and Raymund Lullus, on their different interpretations of action in comparison with aristotelianism, and on reasons leading to different ways of accepting aristotelianism.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.