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PL
Stosując metody analizy porównawczej i opisowej w artykule podjęto próbę wskazania najważniejszych źródeł globalnego kryzysu finansowego z lat 2008-2009. Wskazano miedzy innymi na jego systemowy charakter, który implikuje konieczność przeprowadzenia istotnych reform polityki gospodarczej. Wielka Recesja (inna nazwa ostatniego kryzysu) doprowadziła do wielu niekorzystnych zjawisk w sferze społeczno-ekonomicznej. Pogorszenie sytuacji fiskalnej szeregu państw należących do UE będzie miało negatywny wpływ na kształt Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej (planowany spadek wydatków w latach 2014-2020). Omówiono potrzebę reorientacji polityki rolnej i przyjęcia koncepcji rozwoju zrównoważonego (sustainable development). W szczególności został omówiony problem wzrostu cen produktów rolnych na rynkach światowych oraz rosnących dysproporcji dochodowych
EN
Great Recession is another proof that the current paradigm of economic growth should be changed. It ought to be applied to all sectors, including agriculture. The farming sector was strongly affected by substantial price increases of some products. It was especially painful for poorer consumers in developing and Third World countries, while its benefits were channelled mainly to big farmers and speculators in developed economies. Common Agricultural Policy could not avert this turbulence. The implementa-tion of the concept of sustainable development is a possible solution of this problem as its approach is more holistic and humanistic. However, the implementation of adequate reforms is very slow. It is a sign that leading US and EU policymakers attempt to stay within the limits of current model of growth.However, the second wave of price hikes may prove to be more lasting, which would further deepen income inequality.
EN
The Great Recession of the years 2007-2009 has been the most serious crisis of the current economic paradigm since the 1970s. The article calls for profound change in the aims and methods of monetary and fiscal policy. Changes are also necessary in economics itself. Substantial deficiencies of the orthodox school were already visible at the turn of the previous century with the bursting of the dot com bubble. Preserva¬tion of the status quo led to a series of unfavourable developments, e.g. global imbalances, excessive finan¬cialisation, growing income inequality and indebtedness, which prompted the global financial crisis in the late 2000s. The orthodox school seems to be hardly aware of these negative phenomena, or to draw false con¬clusions from them, which results in further erosion of the socio-economic situation in the world.
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Teorie i koncepcje globalnego kryzysu żywnościowego

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EN
The theories of the global food crisis can be broken down into orthodox and heterodox. The former consists of demand and supply theories and the latter include financial and institutional concepts. The paper shows benefits of enriching the analysis with unorthodox concepts.
PL
Artykuł stanowi próbę systematyzacji teorii/hipotez opisujących źródła kryzysu na globalnym rynku żywnościowym w pierwszej dekadzie XXI wieku (global food crisis). W pracy skoncentrowano się na omówieniu wybranych hipotez ortodoksyjnych i heterodoksyjnych. Wstępna analiza wskazuje na korzyści wynikające ze wzbogacenia teorii głównego nurtu o alternatywne koncepcje powstania kryzysu żywnościowego.
EN
The experience of recent years proves that high balances (especially deficits) on current account are unsustainable in the long run. The return of the European countries to growth path requires joint effort by the whole continent. The core countries should increase consumption and boost import from peripheral countries. Economic growth financed by expansion of debt (both government and private) leads to long-term financial contagion. The is a need for new economic paradigm resting on the notion of steady increase of income of the broad spectrum of society in line with productivity growth. It is claimed that financial sector requires thorough regulation, government should actively fight with asset bubbles and some peripheral countries ought to abandon the EMU.
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