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Ještě jednou ke vztahu vědy, filosofie a víry

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Blecha I.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
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2009
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vol. 57
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issue 1
87-91
EN
This contribution is a polemical reaction to Jaromír Feber’s article which was published in this journal (year 56/2008, pp. 729-737) under the title Science, philosophy and faith. It reminds us of Feber’s call for the introduction of religious faith into science and it begs to disagree. The article attempts to place the polemic into the wider context of contemporary debates about the character of science and about the ever-growing tolerance towards various expressions of the esoteric and of pseudo-science. It calls for greater attention to the basic procedures of scientific work, attention which is required in philosophy as anywhere else.
2
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Cézanne ve filosofii Martina Heideggera

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Blecha I.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
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2015
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vol. 63
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issue 4
483-499
EN
Philosophical reflexion on art and artistic activity played a very important role in Heidegger’s intellectual development. His famous paper The Birth of an Artistic Work (Der Ursprung des Kunstwerks) marked, after all, the emergence of a fundamental shift in his philosophy. Art, in its specific approach to the world, might aid the working out of a “new beginning” in philosophy since, in Heidegger’s view, the involvement of art in classical metaphysics had been the cause of error. Heidegger found a common voice, at different times, with poetry, fine arts (in one period he was very occupied with Paul Klee) and architecture. Only at the end of his life did he discover for himself the genius of the French painter Paul Cézanne, and he found in him an expression that almost coincided with the expression of his own thoughts. This comparison of Cézanne and Heidegger attempts to uncover other possible connections between the work of these two figures.
DE
Die philosophische Reflexion der Kunst und der künstlerischen Tätigkeit spielte in Heideggers geistiger Entwicklung eine sehr wichtige Rolle. Seine berühmte Abhandlung Der Ursprung des Kunstwerks war sogar Ausgangspunkt eines wesentlichen gedanklichen Schubs in Heideggers Philosophie. Die Kunst mit ihrem spezifischen Ansatz konnte dabei dem gedanklichen Erschließen des sog. neuen Anfangs der Philosophie verhelfen, da deren Verschmelzung mit der klassischen Metaphysik laut Heidegger ein Irrweg war. Heidegger fand Geistesverwandtschaften wechselweise in der Poesie, in der bildenden Kunst (in einer bestimmten Phase beschäftigte er sich intensiv mit dem Werk Paul Klees) oder in der Architektur. Erst gegen Ende seines Lebens entdeckte er für sich das Genie des französischen Malers Paul Cézanne und fand in ihm einen nahezu identischen Ausdruck seiner eigenen Gedanken. Durch einen Vergleich von Cézanne und Heidegger wird versucht, mögliche weitere Zusammenhänge in den Werken dieser beiden Persönlichkeiten aufzudecken.
3
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Thomas Mann a Gustav Mahler

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Blecha I.
Hudební věda (Musicology)
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2023
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vol. 60
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issue 2
192-209
EN
Thomas Mann’s “musical novel”, Doctor Faustus, tells the life story of Adrian Leverkühn, a composer to whom the Devil makes an offer of fame achieved by the discovery of a groundbreaking compositional technique. Mann conceived the plot as an allegory of music’s alluring and perilous role in German history, as the doom eventually met by Leverkühn is a projection of the final collapse of Nazi Germany. According to one of various schools of thought, the character of Leverkühn and his compositional output correspond with the person as well as certain aspects of the work of Gustav Mahler. The present article aims at linking up with this interpretation, along with offering a more general reflection on the essence of Mahler’s music by confronting it with the ideas expounded in Mann’s novel.
CS
„Hudební román“ Thomase Manna Doktor Faustus vypráví o osudu skladatele Adriana Leverkühna, kterému ďáblův přízrak nabídne slávu v podobě objevu převratné kompoziční techniky. Mann vytvořil podobenství o svůdné a nebezpečné roli hudby v německých dějinách, neboť zkáza, která Leverkühna postihne, je obrazem současné zkázy nacistického Německa. Jednou z diskutovaných možností je, že Leverkühn a jeho dílo odpovídají osobě a částečně i dílu Gustava Mahlera. Tento článek se pokouší na tuto verzi navázat a obecněji se zamyslet nad povahou Mahlerovy hudby právě v konfrontaci s Mannovými názory vyjádřenými v románu.
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Vzkaz v láhvi: Paul Celan a Martin Heidegger

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Blecha I.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2023
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vol. 84
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issue 1
56-75
EN
The article deals with the problematic relationship between Paul Celan and Martin Heidegger. The two knew and respected each other intellectually, but the obstacle in their relationship was Heidegger’s involvement in the Nazi movement, which was unacceptable to Celan as a direct witness to the Holocaust. The main difference between them was in their view of the role of language: Heidegger wanted to use ‘poetic’ thought to overcome the crisis of metaphysics and reformulate the question of being, while Celan to give a voice to all the martyred. Though Celan never succeeded in getting Heidegger to apologize in any way for his involvement with the Nazis, his moral superiority – both in his thought world and during their mutual encounters – is obvious.
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