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EN
The Renaissance of a dual education, mainly due to the employment problems of young ple, has become a global trend and a key tive of vocational education and training policy in the EU. The article presents the analysis of the legal and organizational conditions of the implementation of a dual education in Poland, consider­ing the European context, which encourages to a closer cooperation between tional education and employers. This is to lead to the situation in which the experience to be gained in the learning process is permanently linked to the real work environment. New organizational challenges will particularly appear in the model of a dual education which is financed from the educational subvention, mainly due to the lack of good practices to be disseminated thoroughly in the system of vocational education. Big chances for the development of a dual education system should be seen in the implementation of the projects in cooperation vocational schools and employers from special economic zones under the Operational Programme Knowledge Education Development (PO WER).
PL
Renesans kształcenia dualnego, głównie za sprawą problemów zatrudnienia młodych osób, stał się trendem ogólnoświatowym oraz kluczowym celem polityki kształcenia zawodowego w UE. W artykule przedstawiono analizę prawnych i organizacyjnych uwarunkowań wdrażania kształcenia dualnego w Polsce z uwzględniłem kontekstu europejskiego, który zachęca do zacieśniania współpracy szkolnictwa zawodowego z pracodawcami. To zaś ma prowadzić tego, aby doświadczenie związane z procesem uczenia się było trwale powiązane z realnym środowiskiem pracy. Nowe wzywania organizacyjne szczególnie uwidocznią się w modelu kształcenia dualnego, które jest finansowany z subwencji oświatowej, bowiem nie dysponujemy jeszcze dobrymi praktykami do upowszechnia w całym systemie kształcenia zawodowego. Duże szanse rozwoju systemu kształcenia dualnego należy upatrywać w realizacji projektów we współpracy szkół zawodowych z pracodawcami specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój.
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EN
Until now, Labour Market Institutions (IRP), including Public Employment Services, have based their services on various occupational resources. However, most of those resources cannot keep up with the dynamically changing content of work and legal regulations. In addition, they are not available in one place and they lack uniformity. Unquestionably, a universally recognized model for the description of a profession would create an effective tool to support employees and customers of IRP. The model as well as methodology used for its development would also effectively complement the new systemic solutions, such as the Act on the Integrated Qualifications System or the European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO). Consequently, a new way of describing and presenting information about occupations has been developed in the PO WER project “Developing, supplementing and updating information about occupations and its dissemination using modern communication tools – INFODORADCA +”, which filled the existing gap and replaced the out-dated set of materials gathered in the old IT system “Doradca 2000”. The project has also unified the structure and supplemented new content to the standards of qualifications and professional competences developed in the years 2004–2013 at the initiative of MRPiPS. The article not only presents the genesis of the project implementation and its main activities, but also it emphasises the model and the methodology of creating occupational information.
EN
The article presents the models describing information about occupations functioning on the labour market in Poland, the models which have been used over the last quarter of the century and the contribution to this process made by Professor Stefan M. Kwiatkowski. In the history of standardization of qualifications and professional competences in Poland, we can identify seven stages from exploration and exploratory research to creating comprehensive sets of information about occupations useful for the labour market, employers as well as learning in different contexts (formal, non-formal and informal). The boom, in the last two decades, of the standardization of qualifications and professional competences, and currently the sets of information about occupations, we owe mainly to the Ministry of Labour (currently the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy), which initiated system/national projects focused on describing occupations needed for a dynamically changing labour market. It should be emphasized that the methodological basis for creating the sets of information about occupations were based on the professionalization - a key research area of work pedagogy and they are complementary to the Integrated Qualification System which has been implemented in Poland since 2015.
EN
Information and knowledge are integrally connected with each other. They are perceived as a new good on the labour market necessary to effectively compete in contemporary information and knowledge-based society. In the case of the PO WER project “Developing, supplementing and updating information about occupations and its dissemination with the use of modern communication tools – INFODORADCA+” information concentrates on the specifics of performing of a given occupation and its working environment, describes educational requirements, employment possibilities, and professional development opportunities as well as ways to certify qualifications and professional competences defined by the learning outcomes: knowledge, skills and social competences. The joint knowledge of many thousands of experts from various areas of economic and social life and 30 months (2017–2019) of hard work done by 5 Polish institutions (project partners) resulted in the development of information about 1000 occupations. Consequently, a critical mass of the information about occupations has been achieved and it has already become a systemic tool useful for employment purposes as well as formal and non-formal education. Information about occupations illustrates current needs of the labour market; it is methodologically structured according to the description model adopted by the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, and directly related to the Integrated Qualifications System. INFODORADCA+ database contains descriptions of information about 1000 occupations and it is available on the Public Employment Services website. It is an open resource with unlimited access. Information gathered there can be processed by individuals for various purposes and thus develop new information or new knowledge for the benefit of others in many contexts (personal, institutional and systemic). It could be said that INFODORADCA+ database integrates the labour market with education. It may be a useful tool for planning educational and career development paths, assisting the unemployed, designing educational programmes, preparing job offers, or while recruitment. The database may also be of help when new market qualifications are introduced into the Integrated Qualifications System. However, we also need to think about the future and the dynamically changing labour market which will undoubtedly generate new occupations, change the existing ones and eliminate those that are not useful. It will be a challenge for the system and the INFODORADCA+ database owner to face those changes
EN
The development of the sectoral qualifications frameworks in Poland is a part of the wider context of work on qualifications systems in the European Union member states related to, among others, the implementation of the Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council (of 2008) on the establishment of The European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning and the creation of national qualifications frameworks. The article presents the experiences and feedback from research on creating the Sectoral Qualifications Framework in the Construction Industry (SQF-Bud) in Poland. At present, we can observe an ever faster development of the construction services market on the European ground, and thus an increase in the demand for a qualified workforce. Increasingly, employees work outside the country of their origin, whether they are delegated by the company in which they are employed, or by themselves seeking employment abroad. SQF-Bud will facilitate national and international activities in construction industry thanks to more transparent descriptions of qualifications and more readable certificates for the labour market and diplomas obtained in formal and nonformal education. In addition, SQF-Bud will help employees in the construction industry to present their qualifications, and will facilitate their evaluation by employers. Thus, SQF-Bud will support human resources management, the idea of lifelong learning and continuous professional development. Thanks to this, we can also expect the growth of competitiveness of the Polish construction sector. During the research conducted with the participation of a wide group of the construction industry representatives, the boundaries of the construction sector, sectoral determinants and sectoral contexts were determined, according to which the key professional competences for the construction industry were identified. They have become the basis for determining the characteristics of levels 2-8 of the Sectoral Qualifications Framework in the Construction Industry.
EN
The article presents the results of the research conducted in leading construction enterprises. The research concerned the practical use of the Sectoral Qualifications Framework for the Construction Industry (SQFC) as a tool supporting HR management. The pilot implementation of SQFC took place in BUDIMEX S.A. and HOCHTIEF Poland as part of the project conducted by the Educational Research Institute “Supporting the first stage of implementation of the Integrated Qualifications System at the central administration level and institutions granting qualifications and ensuring the quality of awarding qualifications” co-financed from the European Social Fund under the Operational Program Knowledge, Education, Development (Priority II: Effective public policies for the labor market, economy and education, Measure 2.13 - Transparent and coherent National Qualifications System)
PL
W artykule przedstawione zostały wybrane wyniki badań prowadzonych w wiodących na rynku przedsiębiorstwach branży budowlanej w kontekście możliwości praktycznego wykorzystania Sektorowej Ramy Kwalifikacji w Sektorze Budownictwo (SRK-Bud) jako narzędzia wspomagającego zarzadzanie zasobami ludzkimi. Pilotażowe wdrożenie SRK-Bud miało miejsce w firmach: BUDIMEX S.A. oraz HOCHTIEF Polska i prowadzone było w ramach projektu systemowego realizowanego przez Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych Wspieranie realizacji I etapu wdrażania Zintegrowanego Systemu Kwalifikacji na poziomie administracji centralnej oraz instytucji nadających kwalifikacje i zapewniających jakość nadawania kwalifikacji współfinansowanego ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach programu Operacyjnego Wiedza, Edukacja, Rozwój (Priorytet II: Efektywne polityki publiczne dla rynku pracy, gospodarki i edukacji, Działanie 2.13 – Przejrzysty i spójny Krajowy System Kwalifikacji).
EN
The article analyses scientific discourse on non-formal education and highlights the prerequisites for its transformation into a leading trend in the modern education system. It justifies this educational trend systemically and methodologically. Likewise the article proves the deactualization of interpretations of non-formal education as an auxiliary link in professional and personal development. It shows that underestimating one’s potential leads to social losses and direct economic costs. The research is based on the following algorithm: generalizing findings of a terminological analysis of non-formal education; determining its links with formal and informal components of the education system; specifying factors in strengthening its role in modern society; visualizing findings with Eurostat’s statistical information on participation rate in education and training (last 4 weeks) by type, sex, age and educational attainment level obtained between 2010 and 2019. Finally, the article analyzes how the outcomes of non-formal education are recognized all over the world. It discloses the experience of some countries regarding the mechanisms of recognizing learning outcomes obtained outside of formal education.
PL
W artykule dokonano analizy dyskursu naukowego na temat problemu edukacji nieformalnej i wskazano przesłanki jej przekształcenia w wiodący nurt współczesnego systemu edukacji. Dokonano systematycznego i metodologicznego uzasadnienia tego kierunku edukacyjnego. Wskazano na deaktualizację interpretacji edukacji nieformalnej jako ogniwa pomocniczego w rozwoju zawodowym i osobistym człowieka. Stwierdzono, że niedocenianie jego potencjału prowadzi obecnie do strat społecznych i bezpośrednich kosztów ekonomicznych. Rozwój myśli badawczej nastąpił według następującego algorytmu: uogólnienie wyników analizy terminologicznej edukacji nieformalnej; określenie jego korelacji z formalnymi i nieformalnymi elementami systemu edukacji; wyjaśnienie czynników wzmacniających jego rolę we współczesnym społeczeństwie; wizualizacja wyników badań wraz z informacją statystyczną Eurostatu na temat poziomu uczestnictwa w kształceniu i szkoleniu pozaformalnym obywateli krajów Unii Europejskiej w latach 2010 – 2019. Udowodniono, że rola edukacji pozaformalnej obecnie wzrasta, a zacierają się granice pomiędzy edukacją pozaformalną i formalną. Podkreślono wyniki naukowego zróżnicowania istoty edukacji pozaformalnej na czterech poziomach (państwowym, publicznym, instytucji edukacyjnej, indywidualnym). Przeanalizowano kierunki edukacji pozaformalnej, ukierunkowanej na zaspokojenie różnych potrzeb edukacyjnych: edukacja paraformalna – skierowana do osób, które z pewnych powodów nie uzyskały w terminie podstawowego wykształcenia; edukacja popularna – skupiona na rozwiązywaniu palących problemów społecznych wśród szerokich warstw społeczeństwa; edukacja dla rozwoju osobistego – ma na celu samorozwój jednostki, zaspokojenie potrzeb edukacyjnych; nieformalne programy szkoleń zawodowych – zbiór szkoleń, kursów, programów organizowanych przez firmy.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki diagnozy udziału instytutów Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz (SBŁ) w korzystaniu z zasobów i rozwijaniu Zintegrowanego Systemu Kwalifikacji (ZSK) w Polsce, zgodnie z zapisami ustawowymi oraz możliwościami organizacyjnymi jednostek badawczych. Zidentyfikowano szkolenia/kursy prowadzone przez Instytuty Sieci, wraz z projekcją możliwych do zidentyfikowania na ich podstawie kwalifikacji rynkowych, które mogłyby stać się częścią ZSK. Wskazano potrzeby edukacyjne kadr Instytutów Łukasiewicza związane z działaniami na rzecz rozwoju kwalifikacji rynkowych i ZSK. Badanie pn. Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz wobec Zintegrowanego Systemu Kwalifikacji było prowadzone przez Łukasiewicz – Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji, Centrum Badań Edukacji Zawodowej i Zarządzania Innowacjami, w ramach zadania Subwencja 2021 pt. System zintegrowanych usług edukacyjno-doradczych w zakresie rozwoju szkoleń, walidacji oraz certyfikacji kwalifikacji rynkowych wymaganych w innowacyjnej gospodarce.
EN
The article presents selected results of the research on the participation of the Łukasiewicz Research Network institutes in the use of resources and development of the Integrated Qualifications System (IQS) in Poland, in accordance with the statutory provisions and the organizational capabilities of those research units. Trainings and courses provided by the Network’s institutes were identified. On their basis, a list of market qualifications that could become part of the IQS was developed. The educational needs of the staff of the Łukasiewicz Network institutes, which could support the development of market qualifications and IQS, were also indicated.
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