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Muzealna historia literatury

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EN
The article presents theoretical problems connected with museum literary history. It shows how the multimedia and interactive elements of exhibiting space change the so-called traditional communication about literary past. The author deliberates on the construction of literary and historical transmission to so-called variety of responders — not only the experts and academics. As the examples of the phenomenon she analyses Muzeum Pana Tadeusza in Wroclaw and Literaturmuseum der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek in Vienna.
EN
Regarding the size of their territories and the number of population, China and India take an important place among Asian countries. Since the appearance of independent India (1947) and the People’s Republic of China (1949) on international arena, the terms of these countries have gone through all possible sorts of stages. The present study investigates the Sino-Indian relations in nineteen fifties, which can be divided into three principal stages. 1950-1954, when India supported the Republic of China on international area, however, without definite political resonance on the part of the Chinese; the period of Sino-Indian cooperation on international forum as well as bilateral contacts on political, economical and cultural grounds in 1954-1957, and the stage from 1958 that has been characterized by anti-Indian attitude of Chinese governmental circles. The complexity of the relations was to a large scale the result of Chinese policy rather than the position of Indian government, regarded as more stable and consistent. It was the Chinese foreign policy that affected the climate of relations between both nations, and dramatic turns in these contacts resulted not only from change of selection of means to achieve Chinese basic political aims but also internal situation in Communist China. However, one should bear in mind that it was India that were more active in the period of creating these relations. Indian authorities believed that it was their responsibility to continue the millennial tradition of peaceful relations with China, although it mainly resulted from the existence of natural Himalayan border, making land military penetration impossible. The friendly relations with China were closely connected with J. Nehru’s conception to grant Asia a proper position in international relations. In these plans, India was about to play a part of the spokesman of Asian nations and the initiator of cooperation, which could have become an example for liberating colonial countries and also an alternative to double-blocked policy. Therefore, mainly because of these reasons, India had been insistently supporting the People’s Republic of China on international arena. Not to complicate Sino-Indian relations, India had given up traditional policy of supporting pro-independence endeavours of Tibet. The real symptom of Sino-Indian international cooperation was the settlement of common conception of creating ‘a peace zone’ in Asia region that was promoted in policy of these countries in years 1954-1957. The above mentioned initiative assumed the avoidance of conflicts among Asian countries with common efforts and diplomatic consultations supported also by countries outside Asian continent. It was in middle fifties when the premises of struggle for leadership in the area of Asia already appeared. The disturbing with regards of international aspect of Sino-Indian rivalry about leadership in Third World was revealed. First of all, Chinese and Indian businesses clashed on plain of international safety in Himalayan region. The safety had been violated by already mentioned different interpretation of borders, as well as policy of sides in neighboring countries of Burma, Nepal, Bhutan and Sikkim. The fact of the existence of the border divergences may not have led to armed conflict between China and India, as in principle controversial regions did not matter economically. In fact, the border dispute became a pretext in strife about hegemony in Asia.
PL
Wstęp. Trądzik zwykły (acne vulgaris) jest częstym schorzeniem skóry występującym u osób między 11. a 30.rokiem życia. Widoczne wykwity skórne w postaci zaskórników, krost i grudek mogą wpływać znacząco na samopoczucie pacjenta. Długotrwałe leczenie, które nie zawsze przynosi oczekiwane rezultaty, może obniżać jakość życia pacjentów. Cel pracy. Analiza wpływu trądziku zwykłego na codzienne funkcjonowanie studentek kosmetologii oraz studentów fizjoterapii PMWSZ w Opolu i biotechnologii Uniwersytetu Opolskiego. Materiał i metody. Badana grupa składała się z 224 osób, w tym 111 kobiet i 113 mężczyzn w wieku 19–28 lat. Do analizy wykorzystano standaryzowany kwestionariusz HADS (szpitalną skalę lęku i depresji) oraz autorski kwestionariusz ankiety złożony z 14 pytań zamkniętych. Wyniki. Zdecydowana większość (191 osób, 85,27%) badanych czuje się mniej atrakcyjnie z powodu choroby. Dyskomfort fizyczny w postaci bólu, świądu czy pieczenia deklaruje 155 osób (69,2%). Natomiast dyskomfort psychiczny odczuwa 168 respondentów (75%). Wnioski. Badanie dowiodło, iż trądzik zwykły i jego przejawy utrudniają i wpływają na pogorszenie codziennego funkcjonowania ankietowanych.
EN
Background. Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder in people aged 11–30. Visible skin eruptions in forms of blackheads, nodules and pustules may lead to a significant decrease in the quality of life and influence the well-being of a patient greatly. Long-term treatment which does not always bring expected results may also seriously lower the quality of the patients’ lives. Objectives. The analysis of the influence of acne vulgaris on everyday life of the students of cosmetology, physiotherapy in Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole and Opole University biotechnology students Material and methods. The research group consisted of 224 persons – 111 women and 113 men aged 19–28. For the analysis the authors used standardized HADS questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). A questionnaire prepared by the authors was used which comprised 14 close questions. Results. The research has clearly proven that acne vulgaris makes the lives of the respondents difficult. A great many of them (191 respondents, 85.27%) feel less attractive because of the problem. Physical discomfort such as pain, itchiness, and burning are claimed by 155 respondents (69.2%). Mental discomfort is felt by 168 people (75%). Conclusions. Acne vulgaris significantly makes every day functioning of the respondents worse and hard
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