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Multikodale TV-Berichte aus dem Kriegsgebiet, wo (k)ein Krieg stattfindet – zwischen Realität und Virtualität

100%
Cieszkowski M.
tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs
|
2015
|
issue 8
77-89
DE
Im Mittelpunkt des Interesses stehen multikodale TV-Berichte aus der Ostukraine, mit denen versucht wird, ihre formale Spezifik und Wirkung auf potenzielle Rezipienten im breiten Gefüge der mediengestützten Kommunikation zu diskutieren. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auf die digitale Repräsentanz des Realen eingegangen, das nur die Zeichen und Formen der uns bekannten Realität trägt und kaum vom Digitalen zu unterscheiden ist. Erscheinende Explikationen und Generalisierungen stützen sich auf theoretische Konzeptionen von Jean Baudrillard (das Theorem der Simulation und der Simulakra) und Paul Virilio (das Theorem des verschwindenden Realen sowie die dromologische Metapher), die gut geeignet sind, diverse Phänomene der globalisierten Kommunikation formal zu identifizieren und kategorial zu beschreiben.
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LEXICAL GERMANISMS IN THE VILNIUS 'DICTIONARY OF LANGUAGE ERRORS' BY JULIAN SZWED (Germanizmy leksykalne w wilenskim 'Slowniku bledów jezykowych' Juliana Szweda)

63%
Cieszkowski M., Medelska J.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
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2009
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vol. 33
91-108
EN
The authors came to a conclusion that in the now forgotten 'Dictionary of Language Errors', published in Vilnius in 1931 and compiled by a local Polish scholar Julian Szwed, lexical Germanisms (over 180 words) dominate. This is a surprising statement because, as it is proved by research of the Northern Borderlands Polish language, used till the present day in Vilnius and in the Vilnius area, thet loan words from German are rare. When writing his handbook, J. Szwed most probably used not only Borderland sources, but also materials (including the press) originating from the Malopolska and Slask Cieszynski territories - previously annexed by Austria and abound withn Germanisms. The Germanisms collected in the 'Dictionary of Language Errors' are noteworthy for researchers studying the influence of German on Polish language and they should be used as a basis for various specifications and comparisons more often. The authors presented those lexical Germanisms recorded by Julian Szwed which are mentioned in at least one of the most significant vocabulary dictionaries of Polish, i.e.- as one may presume - are well-known (over 130 words). Only 30 percent of the excerpt is widespread. They are words noted in all dictionaries (approx. 20 percent), for instance 'bryftreger', 'obstalunek', 'szaber' and words certified by three dictionaries (approx. 10 percent), for instance 'gurt', 'mantel', 'sznaps'.
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REFLECTION OF EARLY SOVIET DIALECTS OF NATIONAL LANGUAGES IN RUSSIAN BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES PUBLISHED IN MOSCOW (Otrazenie rannih variantov sovetskih nacionalnyh jazykov v moskovskih russko-inojazycnyh slovarjah)

63%
Medelska J., Cieszkowski M.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
|
2011
|
vol. 35
EN
After the October Revolution, over half of the citizens of the new Russian state were non-Russians. The historical homeland of some of them was outside the Soviet Union. The experiences of two largest national minorities: the Germans (1 238 000) and the Poles (782 000) were similar in many respects. Members of both nations were persecuted, suffered massive repression, and were deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan. The new cultural and political reality (separation from the historical homeland and national languages, influence of Russian and other languages of Soviet Union nations, necessity to use new Soviet lexis and technical/scientific terminology on a daily basis) forced changes in German and Polish used in the Soviet Union. Soviet dialects of national languages were reinforced in books, handbooks, the press, and propaganda materials etc. published in German and Polish in huge number of copies. The Soviet dialects of German and Polish were reflected on the right side of Russian- German and Russian-Polish dictionaries published in the 1930s by'Sovetskaya Entsyklopedia'. The analysis and comparison of the language material excerpted from the dictionaries show that Soviet dialects of both languages were characterized by the presence of orientalisms (result of the constant contact with the nations and nationalities of the Soviet Union and their culture) and unique lexis related to the Russian way of life (Russian culinary lexis, names of musical instruments, names of garments) and Sovietisms (i.e. new political terminology and words related to the Soviet way of life). The Germans found it more difficult to adapt their native code to life in the Soviet Union.
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