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HOW TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF COLLECTIVE DECISION- MAKING?

100%
Wesolowska E.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 4
77-92
EN
The necessity of collective decision-making preceded by group discussions in democratic state institutions prompts a reflection upon the quality of this process and its outcomes. The article presents briefly two theoretical models of a debate: Amy Gutman and Denis Thompson's concept of deliberation (based on the works of John Rawls) and Jurgen Habermas' theory of discourse. The authoress analyses the implementation of the principles of those models, taking as an example an ordinary Sejm debate. Then, she attempts to answer the question: why many debates in the real world often fail to lead to a consensus or to an innovatory solution (that would involve a change of the participants' initial convictions and preferences). She suggests a few organizational improvements conducive to a more constructive discussion that would better implement the recommendations of the theoretical models.
2

MECHANISMS OF DELIBERATIONS

100%
Wesolowska E.
Psychological Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 2
112-122
EN
The article presents three concepts of collective decision making process: the so called 'popular one', the idea of deliberation according to Rawls, Gutmann i Thompson and the idea of discourse by Habermas. They are discussed in the context of interdisciplinary discourse analysis with particular reference to the theory of intentional communication by H.Paul Grice. Observations of debates in the real world indicate that quite often the 'popular' debate is not enough to reach a meaningful consensus. The deliberation deepens the mutual understanding and enhances the chances of finding acceptable solutions to concrete problems. In a successful deliberation, in addition to basic requirements of equality, freedom of participation and cooperative attitude, the participants should: (1) articulate their statements in terms convincing to the opponents, (2) make their argumentation publicly known and (3) consider all the decisions in terms of public good and implementation of basic individual rights. However, only the discourse, as it is presented by Habermas, creates the opportunities of moral conflicts resolution and changes of world views through the transformation of basic convictions and believes of the participants. The meaningful participation in this kind of discourse requires, among others, the temporary suspension of individual rightness claims and suspension of validity of any norms and evaluations.
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